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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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advanced horticultural societies
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societies with irrigation systems and other advanced farming practices
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agarian societies
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complex societies with farming, armies, merchants, and concentration of wealth in the hands of a few people
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caste system
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a system of stratification in which one's social position at birth, one's value is assessed in terms of religious or traditiona beliefs, and in which upward social mobility is impossible
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class conciousness
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awarnes among members of that the society is stratified
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class system
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a system of stratification found in industrial societies in which one's class is determined by one's wealth vertical social mobility is possible
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closed system
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a system of stratification in which there is no movement from one rank to another
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division of labor
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a situation in which some people do certain specialized occupations
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downward mobiity
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a move to a position of lower rank in the stratification system
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estate system
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a system of stratification in which one's social position is ascribed by law or through inheritence
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false concioousness
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lack of awarness of class differences and acceptance of upper-class rule
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hunting -and-gathering societies
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small, often nomadic societies that have no agriculture and live on food that is found
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ideology
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A set of ideas about what society is like, how it functions, whether i is good or bad, and how it should be changed
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industrial societies
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societies with great division of labor, high specialized work, and a great concentration of wealth
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inequality
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differences between groups in wealth, status, or power
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intergenerational mobility
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a change of social position or rank , up or down, from one generation to the next, such as when children have a higher status than their parents
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intrageberational mobility
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a change of social position or rank, up or down, within one's own lifetime
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legitimate
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to make the power of the dominant group acceptable to the masses so the let the dominant group rulw without question
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life chances
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the opportunities a person has to improve his or her income and lifestyle
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mechanical solidarity
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the idea of Durkheim in which people do similar work but are not very dependent on one another (in contrast to organic solidarity, in which people are very dependent on others)
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open system
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a system of stratification in which it is possible to move to a higher or lower position
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organic solidarity
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Durkhein's term for the intergration of society that results from the division of labor
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poverty
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having fewer resources than are required to meet the basic necessities or llife. Rates are usually based in a governement index of income relative to size of family and farm/nonfarmresidence
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power
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the ability to control or influence the behavior of others, even without their consent
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simple hoticultural societies
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societies that grow food using very simple tools , such as digging sticks
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slave system
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a system of startification in which one's position was ascribed at borth and based on race
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social class
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a category of people who have approximatly ithe same amount of power and wealth and the same life chances to acquire wealth
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social differntiation
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the differnence or variation of people based on selected social characteristic such as class, gender, race, or age
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social status
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the amount of honor and prestige a perso receives from others in the community; also the position one occupies in the stratification system
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social stratification
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The ranking of people according to their wealth, prestigw, or party position
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socioeconomic status
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An assessment of status that takes into account a person's income, education, and occupation
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split labor market
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a labor market in whch some jobs afford upward mobility and others do not
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upward mobility
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movement in the stratification system to a position of greater wealth, status, and power
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