Exam 3 - Anatomy Dissector - Heart And Lung

Front 1

This rib is the:
- highest
- broadest
- most sharply curved

Back 1

The first rib

Front 2

The ____ of a rib usually articulates with vertebral bodies.

Back 2

the head

Ribs 1, 11 and 12 articulate with only one vertebral body

Front 3

The _____ of a rib articulates with the transverse costal facet on the transverse process of the thoracic vertebra of the same number

Back 3

tubercle

Front 4

The fiber direction of the _____ ________ muscle is perpendicular to the fiber direction of the external intercostal

Back 4

internal intercostal muscles

The innermost intercostal muscles also travel in same direction

Front 5

Performed in the midaxillary line or slightly posterior to it.

Performed in intercostal space 6,7 or 8.

The needle is inserted low in the intercostal space to avoid injury to the intercostal nerve and vessels

Back 5

Pleural tap (thoracocentesis)

Front 6

Posterior to the sixt or seventh costal cartilage, the internal thoracic artery divides into the:

Back 6

1. Superior epigastric artery

2. Musculophrenic artery

Front 7

This approach does not cross major vessels.

Allows god access to the heart.

Closed with stainless steel wires.

Back 7

Anterior surgical approach to the thoracic wall

Front 8

In this approach,

An intercostal space is incised to provide access to the lungs or to strucutres posterior to the heart

Back 8

Lateral approach to the thoracic wall.

Front 9

Bounded by the:
1. Manubrium of the sternum
2. The right and left first ribs
3. The body of the first thoracic vertebra

Back 9

Superior thoracic aperature (thoracic inlet)

The trachea, esophagus, vagus nerves, thoracic duct and major blood vessels pass through here

Front 10

Bounded by the:
1. Xiphisternal joint
2. Costal margin
3. Ribs 11 and 12
4. Vetebral body of T12

Back 10

Inferior thoracic aperature (thoracic outlet)

The aorta, inferior vena cava,esophagus and vagus nerves pass through here.

Front 11

Lines the inner surface of the thoracic wall

Back 11

Costal pleura

Front 12

Extends superior to the first rib

Back 12

Cervical pleura (cupula)

Front 13

1.Costal pleura
2. Mediastinal pleura
3. Diaphragmatic pleura
4. Cervical pleura (cupula)

Back 13

Form the parietal pleura

Sharply folded where the:
- Costal pleura meets the diaphragmatic pleura.
- Costal pleura meets the mediastinal pleura.

Front 14

Acute

The inner surfaces of the parietal pleura in contact with one another

Back 14

Folds (lines) of parietal reflection

Front 15

Areas where parietal pleural contacts parietal pleura

Back 15

Pleural recesses.

Front 16

During quiet inspiration, the inferior border of the lung does not extend into the _________________ recess

Back 16

costodiaphragmatic recess

Front 17

A small amount of connective tissue between the thoracic wall and costal parietal pleura.

Provides a cleavage plane for surgical separation of the pleural from the thoracic wall

Back 17

Endothoracic fascia

Front 18

At the root of the lung, the visceral pleura becomes continuous with the _________ pleura.

Back 18

mediastinal

Front 19

The space between the visceral pleura and parietal pleura.

A potential space and visceral pleura touches the parietal pleura.

Back 19

The pleural cavity

Front 20

The _______ fissure lies deep to the fifth rib laterally.

It is deep to the sixth costal cartilage anteriorly

Back 20

Oblique fissure.

On both lungs

Front 21

The ____ fissure lies deep to the fourth rib and fourth costal cartilage.

Back 21

horizontal fissure.

On the right lung only

Front 22

The ____ of the lung occupies the cupulua of the pleura.

Both rise as high as the neck of the first rib (superior to the body of the first rib.

Back 22

apex.

The apex and the cupula of the pleura lie supieror to the plane of the superior thoaraci aperature.

They are located in the neck

Front 23

The prhenic nerve and pericardicophrenic vessels pass ____ to the root of the lung.

Back 23

anterior

They also pass medial (deep) to the mediastinal pleura.

Front 24

The vagus nerve passes ______ to the root of the lung

Back 24

posterior

Front 25

The _______ notch is located on the anterior border of the left lung.

In the anatomical position it is anterior to the heart

Back 25

cardiac notch

Front 26

The _______ is the homolog of the middle lobe of the right lung.

Back 26

lingula.

It is the inferior, medial portion of the superior left lobe

Front 27

Impressions of this lung:
- Cardiac
- Esophagus
- Arch of the azygos vein
- Superior vena cava

Back 27

Right lung

Front 28

Impressions of this lung:
- Cardiac impression
- Aortic arch impression
- Thoracic aorta impression

Back 28

Left lung

Front 29

1. Superior border of the pericardium
2. Bifurcation of the trachea
3. End of the ascending aorta
4. Beginning and end of the arch of the aorta
5. Beginning of the thoracic aorta

Back 29

Landmarks that mark the level of the sternal angle

Front 30

The outer surface is fibrous

The inner surface is serous and smooth.

Attached to the central tendon of the diaphragm.

Back 30

THe pericardium

The heart moves with the diaphragm during inspiration and expiration

Front 31

Connects the left pulmonary artery to the arch of the aorta

Back 31

Ligamentum arteriosum

Front 32

Located inferior to the aortic arch.

Posterior to the ligamentum arteriosum

Back 32

Left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Front 33

Borders of the heart

Right border

Back 33

formed by the right atrium

Front 34

Borders of the heart

Inferior border

Back 34

Formed by the right ventricle and a small part of the left ventricle

Front 35

Borders of the heart

Left border

Back 35

Formed by the left ventricle

Front 36

Borders of the heart

Superior border

Back 36

Formed by the right and left atria and auricles

Front 37

The _____ of the heart is part of the left ventricle.

Normally located deep to the left fifth intercostal space.

Back 37

apex of the heart

Front 38

The _____ of the heart is formed by the left atrium and part of the right atrium.

Back 38

base of the heart

Clinicians often refer to the emergence of the great vessels from the heart as its base.

Front 39

The line of reflection of parietal serous fluid to visceral serous pericardium occurs at the ____ of the great vessels

Back 39

roots of the great vessels

Front 40

Name the sulcus:

Runs around the heart, separating the atria from the ventricles

Back 40

Coronary (atrioventricular) sulcus

Front 41

Name the sulcus:

Indicate the location of the interventricular septum.

Join the coronary sulcus at a right angle.

Back 41

The anterior and posterior atrioventricular sulci

Front 42

Surfaces of the heart (not border)

Formed mainly by the right ventricle

Back 42

Sternocostal (anterior) surface

Front 43

Surfaces of the heart (not border)

Formed mainly by the left ventricel and a small part of the right ventricle

Back 43

Diaphargmatic (inferior) surface

The coronary sinus runs through here

Front 44

Surfaces of the heart (not border)

Formed mainly by the left ventricle.

In contact with the cardiac impression of the left lung

Back 44

Pulmonary (left) surface.

Front 45

These vessels are located between the visceral pericardium (epicardium) and the muscular surface of the heart.

Located in the coronary and interventricular sulci.

Back 45

Cardiac arteries and veins

Veins are superficial to arteries

Front 46

A dilated portion of the venous system

Located in the coronary sulcus and on the diaphargmatic surface of the heart.

Back 46

Coronary sinus

Front 47

This vein courses from the apex of the heart toward the coronary sinus in the anterior IV sulcus

Back 47

The great cardiac vein

Front 48

This vein courses in the posterior IV sulcus

Back 48

middle cardiac vein

Front 49

These veins bridge the atrioventricular sulcus between the right atrium and right ventricle.

Drain the anterior wall of the right ventricle.

Direclty drains into the right atrium.

Back 49

Anterior coronary arteries

Pass superficial to the right coronary artery

Front 50

This valve has:

Right
Left
Posterior

semilunar cusps

Back 50

Aortic valve.

Behind each valve cusp is a pocket called an aortic sinus (right, left and posterior)

Front 51

The LAD accompanies the ______ vein down the anterior interventricular sulcus

Back 51

great vein

Front 52

The circumflex branch of the left coronary artery accompaneies the ______ sinus in the coronary sulcus.

Back 52

coronary sinus

Front 53

Sinuatrial nodal branch comes from which coronary artery?

Back 53

The right coronary artery

Front 54

The _______ branch of the right coronary artery travels with the small cardiac vein along the inferior border of the heart

Back 54

Marginal branch

Inferior border = right ventricle and part of left ventricle)

Front 55

When the right coronary artery in the coronary sulcus reaches the posterior IV sulcus, it gives rise to the posterior IV branch.

It courses along the posterior IV sulcus to the apex of the heart, where it anastomoses with the anterior IV branch of the left bornary artery.

Back 55

The posterior IV branch accompanies the middle coronary vein

Front 56

In about 75% of herts, the right coronary artery gives rise to the posterior IV branch.
- It supplies the left ventricular wall and posterior portion of the interventricular septum.

Back 56

In 15% of hearts, the left coronary artery gives rise to the posterior interventricular branch.