Exam 2 Lecture 2

Front 1

"Onto"

Back 1

individual

Front 2

"geny"

Back 2

Begining

Front 3

"Recapitulates"

Back 3

Repeat

Front 4

Rod on the back of developing humans

Back 4

Noda Cord

Front 5

"Spiny skinned"

Back 5

Echinodermata

Front 6

"sponge"

Back 6

Porifera

Front 7

"Clams"

Back 7

Mollusca

Front 8

"Jointed feet"

Back 8

Arthropoda

Front 9

If you are a ___, you start at a protozon and go through all the steps of the Biogentic Law

Back 9

Chordata

Front 10

Ears resemble ___ which shows repeat embryology

Back 10

Gills

Front 11

Largest organ of the body

Back 11

Skin

Front 12

Injection right under the skin

Back 12

Subcutaneous

Front 13

Injection in the dermis

Back 13

Intradermal

Front 14

Injection directly into the peritoneal

Back 14

Interperitoneal

Front 15

Injection into the muscles

Back 15

Intermuscular

Front 16

Injection into the veins

Back 16

Intervenous- IV

Front 17

When bone has been in a cast, is has decreased or increased?

Back 17

Decreased, but bone has been mended

Front 18

Absorbs dead bone or thicker bone, even in mature bone

Back 18

Osteoclast

Front 19

Principle cell- may convert from osteoblast- maintains matrix of the bone (like osteoblast) and absorbs matrix (like osteoclast)

Back 19

Osteocyte

Front 20

___ is around the osteocyte.

Back 20

Lacuna

Front 21

2 bone types

Back 21

Compact and Cancellous

Front 22

Compact-
Cancellous-

Back 22

Thick and hard
Spongy-has air pockets

Front 23

5 bone shapes

Back 23

Long- femur
Short- carpals
Irreagular- vertebrae
Flat- scapula
Sesamoid- patella

Front 24

Covers the outside of the bone

Back 24

Periosteum

Front 25

Lines the medullary cavity

Back 25

Endosteum

Front 26

2 types of marrow

Back 26

Red blood cell formations
Yellow fat storage

Front 27

Hole in vertebrae

Back 27

Vertebral Foreman

Front 28

Can tell how mature the joints and bones are by looking at _____

Back 28

The Cartilage

Front 29

The development of the bone

Back 29

Ossification or Osteogenesis

Front 30

Very small dwarf that is perfectly in proportion- caused by rapid ossifiction

Back 30

Pituitary Dwarf

Front 31

What results from blood vessel penetrating perichondrium in diaphysis

Back 31

Periostium and then the collar

Front 32

Cartilage cells die to give room for the bone to grow

Back 32

Primary Ossification Center

Front 33

____ ____ invade cavities and deposit bone

Back 33

Perichondrial cells

Front 34

Supporting structures that go into the bone

Back 34

Trabecula

Front 35

Produces bone

Back 35

Osteoblasts

Front 36

Layers of the bone

Back 36

Laemellae

Front 37

Closure of epipysis in girls?
boys?

Back 37

15
16

Front 38

Osteoblasts stimulated only after ___ or ___ after adulthood

Back 38

Fracture or stress

Front 39

Completely through the bone

Back 39

Complete

Front 40

Partially through the bone

Back 40

Imcomplete

Front 41

More than one fracture- shattered or splintered

Back 41

Comminuted

Front 42

Break horizontally

Back 42

Transverse

Front 43

Break sideways

Back 43

Oblique

Front 44

Vertical- caused by a lot of stress

Back 44

Longitudinal

Front 45

Incomplete longitudinal

Back 45

Fissured

Front 46

Break when skin is not broken

Back 46

Simple

Front 47

Break where skin is penetrated

Back 47

Compound

Front 48

Bone pushed inward

Back 48

Depressed

Front 49

Structure is torn off ie: finger

Back 49

Avulsion

Front 50

Bones driven together

Back 50

Impaction

Front 51

Destruction by disease- bone crumbles

Back 51

Pathological or spontaneous

Front 52

Due to injury

Back 52

Traumatic

Front 53

Lower end of radius

Back 53

Colle's

Front 54

Lower fibula (leg)

Back 54

POtt's

Front 55

On convex surface of the bend of the bone- splinters upward or tappers off

Back 55

Greenstick

Front 56

Cavity lined with synovial membrane: Function- reduced friction

Back 56

Bursa

Front 57

Infected bursa

Back 57

Bursitis

Front 58

Fracture repair

Back 58

Hematoma (blood clot)
Spongy bone forms
Bony Callous- thick bone
Osteoclasts- remove excess

Front 59

Bone shape is determined by

Back 59

Muscle strength
Mechanical stress (binding feet)
Biochemical environment (radiation has effect)

Front 60

Every change of bone function leads to an internal and external structural change- ie: tarzan

Back 60

Wolff's Law

Front 61

What is the size of a cranberry right above palatine bone

Back 61

Anterior Pituitary

Front 62

Anterior Pit produces ___

Back 62

Growth hormone

Front 63

Lack of growth hormone causes...

Back 63

early closure of growth plate- Pituitary dwarf

Front 64

Increase of growth hormone causes...

Back 64

Delay of closure of growth plate- Pituitary Giant

Front 65

Excessive hormone AFTER closure

Back 65

Acromegaly

Front 66

"Acro" "megaly"

Back 66

"top" "large"
large features on top of body

Front 67

Long bones extended- taller than normal

Back 67

Marfan's syndrome

Front 68

Without cartilage

Back 68

Achondroplasia

Front 69

Characteristics of ___ :
Hereditary
Large head
Deformed vertebral column
Short extremities

Back 69

Achondroplastic Dwarf

Front 70

Diseases associated with lack of Vitamin D

Back 70

Rickets (children)
Osteomalacia (adults)

Front 71

Lack of Vit D causes failure of ___ to absorb ___

Back 71

Intestine/ Calcium

Front 72

Treatment of lack of vit D?

Back 72

Codliver Oil

Front 73

Deficientcy of Vit. A causes reduction of enzymes, slows reabsoprtion of cells, bone becomes more compact, and ultimately...

Back 73

Weakens bones and halts growth

Front 74

Bone cancer

Back 74

Osteosarcoma

Front 75

Loss of minerals, increase of bone reabsorption because of pores in bones

Back 75

Osteoporosis

Front 76

Good for CA but not in radioactive materials- causes anemia in blood

Back 76

Radioactive Strontium

Front 77

Lining bones outside manipulation

Back 77

Closed reduction

Front 78

Lining bones- surgical alignment- nails, screws, pins

Back 78

Open reduction

Front 79

Autotransplant-
Homotransplant-

Back 79

From patient
From another source

Front 80

Skull
Middle Ear
Hyoid
Vertebral Column
Thoracic Cage

Back 80

22
6
1
26
25

Front 81

Pectoral Girdle
Upper Limbs
Pelvic Girdle
Lower Limbs

Back 81

4
60
2
60

Front 82

Socket for femur- cup looking thing

Back 82

Acetabulum

Front 83

'Free movement'

Back 83

Diarthrosis

Front 84

2 flat surfaces

Back 84

Gliding

Front 85

Elbow and ankle

Back 85

Hinge

Front 86

One surface into ring of bone and ligament

Back 86

Pivot

Front 87

Radiocarpal

Back 87

Condyloid

Front 88

Carpal with metacarpal of thumb

Back 88

Saddle

Front 89

Shoulder and hip

Back 89

Ball and socket

Front 90

No movement

Back 90

Synarthrosis

Front 91

Between the skull bone

Back 91

Suture

Front 92

Cartilage joint- epiphyseal plate

Back 92

Synchondrosis

Front 93

Roots of teeth

Back 93

Gomphosis

Front 94

Slight movement

Back 94

Amphiarthrosis

Front 95

Distal and fibula?
Intervert. discs?

Back 95

Syndesmosis
Symphis

Front 96

Free movement

Back 96

Diarthrosis

Front 97

"No joint cavity"

Back 97

Fibrous

Front 98

"Bones connected by cart"

Back 98

Cartilaginous

Front 99

"Joint cavity"

Back 99

Synovial

Front 100

Noda Cord (when zygote is developing) is also called?

Back 100

Body Centrum

Front 101

Sella Turcica

Back 101

Turk Saddle