Eng Utilities 2 Plumbing Module 6

Front 1

is a hole in the ground curbed with stones, bricks, concrete hollow blocks, or other materials laid in such a manner as to allow raw contaminated sewage to leach into the soil. The organic waste accumulate and finally disposed of by disintegration process.

Back 1

Cesspool

Front 2

is a concrete sealed vault with a wooden shelter constructed for the collection of raw sewage. The disintegration of excrement is accomplished in the same manner as in a cesspool. It is one of the oldest way of disposing organic waste.

Back 2

Privy

Front 3

is a receptacle used to expedite the decomposition of the elements contained in a raw sewage waste. Raw sewage consists of water, and settleable solid called organic materials that can precipitated in a septic tank in a very short time.

Back 3

Septic Tank

Front 4

is a public sewage system, operated and maintained by the government consisting of a sewage treatment plant thatconveys the raw sewage form building and houses to a disposal system.

Back 4

Public Sewer Line

Front 5

Types of Sewage Disposal System

Back 5

Cesspool

Privy

Septic Tank

Public Sewer Line

Front 6

The Public Sewer Line is classified into three types according to the kind of waste it disposes:

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1. Combination Public Sewer

2. Sanitary Sewer

3. Storm Sewer

Front 7

It is classified as a device of the main and storm sewer. It serves as man’s access for inspection, cleaning and repair. It is constructed out of bricks, stone, adobe or concrete at an interval distance from 75 to 150 meters.

Back 7

Manhole

Front 8

Transforms sludge and scum into liquid and gases

Back 8

anaerobic bacteria

Front 9

process in which anaerobic bacteria transforms sludges and scums

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digestion.

Front 10

accumulates at the bottom of the septic tank

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Sludge

Front 11

Parts of the solids are formed into floating _

Back 11

Scum

Front 12

two processe in septic tank

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sedimentation in the upper portion of the tank and

anaerobic decomposition of the accumulated sludge at the bottom.

Front 13

Decomposition of organic matter from human waste is a bacteriological process caused by:

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1. Aerobic bacteria called Aerobes 2. Anaerobic bacteria called Anaerobes 3. Facultative bacteria

Front 14

Functions in the presence of oxygen

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Aerobic bacteria

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functions in the absence of free oxygen.

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Anaerobic bacteria

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functions even with or without free oxygen.

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Facultative bacteria

Front 17

Decomposition caused by anaerobic bacteria which is sometimes referred to as

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putrefaction

Front 18

A sewage that turns dark and smell unpleasant due to anaerobic decomposition is called

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Septic

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Septic tank is constructed from either of the following materials;

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1. Reinforced concrete

2. Plastered concrete hollow blocks

3. Prefabricated asbestos

4. Thin metal and/or plastic

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Gases produces inside the Septic Tank

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1. Methane Gas

2. Carbon Dioxide

3. Carbon Monoxide

4. Hydrogen

5. Hydrogen Sulfide

6. Sulfur Dioxide

Front 21

Septic tanks should be located not less than _ away from potable water to prevent contamination.

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15.20 meters

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Where there is public sewer pipe,

_are not allowed.

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septic tanks

Front 23

Sec. 233 of the 1959 PNPC.

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No septic tank shall be installed within or under a house.

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he bottom of the tank should slope towards the manhole in the center to facilitate cleaning.

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(1:10) minimum

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The top cover and the manhole are usually extended _ above the surface of the soil to overcome surface water infiltration.

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15 cm

Front 26

The minimum inside dimension of a septic tank is

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90 cm wide by 150 cm long.

Front 27

For effective decomposition of the organic materials inside the septic tank, a

_ depth of the liquid content is necessary.

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120 cm

Front 28

The inverts are installed in the wall of the tank at least _ from its bottom floor equally spaced from both sides.

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120 cm

Front 29

The invert is extended down the liquid of the tank not more than _.

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The invert is extended down the liquid of the tank not more than 30 cm.

Front 30

The septic tank should be provided with a

_ that will serves the purpose of cleaning, inspection and repair of the tank.

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manhole

Front 31

Minimum number of compartment for septic tanks

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2

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Minimum capacity of inlet compartment

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Not less than 2/3 of the total capacity of the tank and not less than 2 cubic meters

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Minimum width of ceptic tank

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900mm

Front 34

Minimum and maximum capacity of outlet compartment

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Minimum: 1m³

Maximum: 1/3 of the total capacity of the ceptic tank

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Minimum air space or free board

Back 35

228.6mm

Front 36

Minimum and maximum liquid depth

Back 36

600 - 1800 mm

Front 37

Minimum number of manhole and minimum dimensions

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2 manhole

508mmx508mm

Front 38

If the septic tank is over 6 cubic meters what should be the minimum length of secondary compartment

Back 38

1500mm

Front 39

Minimum size of inlet, outlet and siphon pipe and fittings

Back 39

104.6mm

Front 40

Inlet and outlet pipe shal extend atleast _ above water surface

Back 40

101.6mm

Front 41

Minimum depth of inlet and outlet pipe below the water surface

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304.8mm

Front 42

The invert of the inlet pipe shall be at least - above the inver of the outlet pipe

Back 42

50.8