Eng Utilities 2 "plumbing" Module 1 Jjmz

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defined as the art and science of installing pipes, fixtures and other apparatus to convey and supply water in buildings to dispose and discharge waste water and other liquids, gases and other substances out of the building in a safe, orderly, healthy and sanitary way to ensure the health and sanitation of life and property. (Section 217.6 NPC 1999)

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PLUMBING

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a title given to a person who is skilled in the field of ancient Rome

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Plumber

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refers to an individual who worked in the sanitary field of ancient Rome.

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Plumbarius

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on the other hand, meant lead.

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Plumbum

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includes all potable water supply and distribution pipes, all plumbing fixtures and traps; all sanitary and storm drainage system; vent pipes, roof drains, leaders and downspouts, and all building drains and sewers, including their respective joints and connection; devices, receptacles, and appurtenances within the property; water lines in the premises; potable, tap hot and chilled water piping; potable water treating or using equipment; fuel gas piping; water heaters and vent for same. (Sec.217.12 NPC 1999)

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Plumbing System

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TWO MAIN OBJECTIVES of PLUMBING

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1. To supply water to different parts of the building.

2. To remove and discharge human wastes and other substances out of building into the public sewer or septic tank.

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Conditions for An Effective Water Supply in Building

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1. To provide sufficient amount of water to supply each fixture.

2. To prevent backflow of used water into the water supply system.

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All the piping within a public or private premise which conveys sewage, rainwater, or other liquid wastes to a point of disposal.

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Drainage System

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all pipe joints must be well fitted and tightly connected with each other to prevent leakage of gas and/or liquid.

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MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR A DRAINAGE SYSTEM number 1

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the drainage pipe should be graded or inclined properly for a downward gravity flow of water towards the main sewer or to the septic tank.

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MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR A DRAINAGE SYSTEM Number 2

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the drainage pipe should be provided with adequate cleanout, accessible for repair in case of stoppage.

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MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR A DRAINAGE SYSTEM Number 3

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The drainage system must be provided with ventilation pipe that will convey gases to atmosphere where it can do no harm to human health.

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MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR A DRAINAGE SYSTEM Number 4

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except for water closet, each fixture shall be provided with suitable trap that prevent back flow of gases.

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MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR A DRAINAGE SYSTEM Number 5

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the drainage system must be vented to avoid siphonage or back flow of the water seal.

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MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR A DRAINAGE SYSTEM Number 6

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Things DRAINAGE SYSTEM SHOULD ACCOMPLISHED

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1. Fast removal of the waste with a minimum probability of leakage and stoppage of drains.

2. To prevent the entry of house vermin and obnoxious gases into the house from the piping system.

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Includes all wastewater generated by home dwellings, public restrooms, hotels, restaurants, motels, resorts, schools, places of worship, sports stadiums, hospitals and other health centers, apartments and the like. They all produce high volumes of wastewater.

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Domestic Sewage

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Includes water from floods (stormwater), runoff (rainwater running through cracks in the ground and into gutters), water from swimming pools, water from car garages and cleaning centers.

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Non-Domestic sewage

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Sources of wastewater

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Domestic Sewage

Non-Domestic Sewage

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Water from rain.

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Storm water

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from laundries, wash basins, sinks, showers, & bath tubs.

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Grey water

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waste plus human waste both solid and liquid flushed out of toilet and urinals.

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Black Water

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Degrees of Waste Water

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1. Storm Water

2. Grey Water

3. Black Water

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is being discharged by water closet,

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Solid waste

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coming from the various fixtures

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Liquid waste

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Domestic waste is classified into two types:

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1. Solid Waste

2. Liquid Waste

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The Drainage Installation is sometimes referred to as

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D – drainage of solid waste W – waste coming from various fixtures other than water closet V – ventilation of the piping system

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any pipe which conveys the discharge of water closets, urinals, or fixtures having similar functions.

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Soil Pipe

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SP

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a general term used for any vertical line of soil, waste, or vent piping.

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Stack

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S

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a vertical soil pipe conveying fecal matter and liquid waste.

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Soil Stack Pipe

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SSP

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an extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack.

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Stack Vent

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SV

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a pipe or opening used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system and for reducing to pressure exerted on trap seals.

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Vent

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V

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an arrangement of venting so installed that one vent pipe will serve two (2) traps.

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Unit Vent

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UV

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that portion of a vent pipe through which liquid waste flow.

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Wet Vent

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WV

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any part of a piping system other than the main riser or stack

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Branch

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B

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it is the principal artery of the system of continuous piping to which branches may be connected.

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Main

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M

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a vent pipe connecting from a branch of the drainage system to a vent stack.

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Branch Vent

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BV

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a pipe which conveys only liquid wastes free fecal matter.

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Waste Pipe

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WP

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a sewer or other pipe or conduit used for conveying ground water, surface water, waste water or sewage.

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Drain

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D

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a pipe or conduit for carrying sewage and waste liquids.

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Sewer

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S

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the liquid wastes conducted away from buildings/structures, also of the storm water.

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Sewage

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S

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a comprehensive term, including all construction for collection, transportation, pumping, treatment and final disposition of waste.

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Sewerage

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S

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a metallic sleeve, calked or otherwise, joined to an opening in a pipe, into which a plug is screwed that can be removed for the purpose of cleaning or examining the interior of the pipe.

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Cleanout Ferrule

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CF

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A fitting or device so constructed as to prevent the passage of air, gas, and some vermin through a pipe without materially affecting the flow of sewage or waste water through it.

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Trap

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T

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that part of the lowest horizontal piping of a plumbing system which receives the discharge from soil, waste and other drainage pipes inside of a building and conveys it to the house sewer.

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House Drain

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HD

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It is that part of a plumbing system extending from a point about four (4) or five (5) feet from the inner face of the foundation wall of a building to the junction with another sewer.

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House Sewer

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HS

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a trap connected to lowest horizontal piping or House Drain.

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House Trap

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HT

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a vent the primary (Fresh Air Inlet) function of which is to provide circulation of air between drainage and vent system.

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Relief Vent

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RV

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a common sewer directly controlled by public authority to which all abutters have equal rights of connection.

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Public Sewer

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PS

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a suction caused by the flow of liquids in pipes.

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Siphonage

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S

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The end of a pipe which fits into a bell. Also, a word synonymously with faucet.

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Spigot

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S

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The vertical distance between the dip and crown wire of a trap.

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Seal

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S

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The installation of all pipes in the plumbing system that are in partitions and under floors.

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Roughing-In

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RI

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The setting of fixtures.

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Finishing

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F

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a pit or receptacle at a low point to which the liquid wastes are drained.

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Sump

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S

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a vertical opening through a building for elevators, dumbwaiters, light, ventilation, etc.

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Shaft

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S

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a sheet metal placed when concrete is poured to accommodate future plumbing pipes.

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Sleeve

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S

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an opening or space to accommodate a group of pipes.

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Pipe Chase

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PC

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are installed receptacles, devices, or appliances which are supplied with water, or which receives or discharge into drainage system which maybe directly or indirectly connected.

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Plumbing Fixtures

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PF

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Is plugging an opening with oakum, lead or other materials, that are pounded into the place or opening.

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Caulking

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C