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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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gigantism
etio |
~incr secretions of growth hormones in childhood
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gigantism
S/S |
~proportional body growth in all body tissue (esp long bones)
~weak, clumsy ~8-9' |
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gigantism
TX |
~radiation
~chemo drugs ~removal of pit gland |
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dwarfism
etio |
~decr secretion of growth hormones during childhood
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dwarfism
S/S |
~retarded symmetrical physical growth
~premature body aging process ~slow intellectual development |
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dwarfism
TX |
~removal of tumor
~GH injection |
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diabetes insipidus
etio |
~decr secretions of ADH d/t damage of post pit gland
~trauma, tumor |
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diabetes insipidus
S/S |
~polyuria (3L/Hr)
~polydypsia ~dehydration ~spec gravity 1.005 ~urine very clear/diluted |
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diabetes insipidus
meds |
~DVAVP (Desmopressing Acetate), naso-spray
~Vasopressin Tamate (IM, SQ) ~Hypressin (Nasospray) |
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diabetes insipidus
NI |
~dont restrict fluids
~avoid food w/diuretic type action ~I&O ~wts ~specific gravity |
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addison's dz
etio |
~decr secretion of adrenal cortex hormones
~slow insidious onset |
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addison's dz
S/S |
~slow insidious onset
~general weakness ~hypotension ~incr pigmentation of skin ~wt loss ~loss of libido ~hyponatremia ~hyperkalemia |
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addison's dz
TX |
~lifelong steroid replacement (Florinef)
~high protein, carbs |
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addison's dz
NI |
~observe 4 addisonian crisis d/t stress, infec, surg, trauma
~observe 4 S/E of meds ~if ankles/feet swell, tell MD 2 decr Florinef dose |
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acromegaly
etio |
~hyper/incr secretions of growth hormones that occur in adulthood
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acromegaly
meds |
~parlodel
~bromocriptine |
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acromegaly
S/S |
~lg hands/feet
~thickening/protrusion of jaw/orbital ridges ~coarse features |
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acromegaly
TX |
~radiation (for tumors)
~removal of pit gland |
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cushing's syndrome
etio |
~incr secretion of glucocorticoids
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cushing's syndrome
S/S |
~central type obesity
~moon face ~buffalo hump ~obese trunk ~thin extremities ~masculine features ~mood swings ~acne ~amenorrhea ~hypertension ~hyperglycemia |
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cushing's syndrome
TX |
~adrenalectomy (remove adrenal gland)
~chemo drugs (Parlodel) ~high protein, low carb, low Na ~K supp ~steroid replacements w/antacids |
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cushing's syndrome
NI |
~protect 4m infec/trauma
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steroid replacement
purpose |
~antiinflam enables tolerate high degree of stress
~used in crisis (shock/bronchial obstruction), long-term therapy (leukemia, arthritis) ~give w/antacids 2 prev peptic ulcers ~lowers immunity |
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steroid replacement
S/E |
~moon face
~abnormal distribution of body fat ~wt gain ~peptic ulcers ~hyperglycemia ~osteroporosis ~mass infec |
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steroid replacement
NI |
~Lg doses
~8am/morn ~taken @ same time qD ~taper w/drawl ~give w/antacids |
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cretinism
etio |
~decr secretions of thyroid hormone during childhood
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cretinism
S/S |
~severe phy/ment retardation
~dry skin ~coarse dry hair ~constipation ~poor appetite ~sensitivity 2 cold |
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cretinism
TX |
~hormone replacement (AM)
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myxedema
etio |
~decr secretion of thyroid hormone in adulthood
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myxedema
S/S |
~slow metab
~depression ~prone 2 constipation ~slow systems ~sensitivity 2 cold ~sensitive 2 narcotics/sedatives ~gen edema ~gen weakness |
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hypoparathyroidism
etio |
~decr secretion of parathyroid hormones
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myxedema
NI |
~prov warm environment
~fluid ~low cal, low chol, low fat ~no sedatives/narcotics ~synthroid (mon HR >60) ~dessicated thyroid (Thyrar) ~give all meds on empty stomach |
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grave's disease
etio |
~hyperthyroidism
~thyrotoxicosis ~incr secretions of thyroid hormones |
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grave's disease
S/S |
~jittering
~cardiac arrhythmias ~incr metab ~exopthalamus ~wt loss ~diarrhea ~heart intolerance ~hypertension ~insomnia |
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hypoparathyroidism
S/S |
~Acute: incr neuromuscular irritability
~Chronic: mental retardation, poor develop of tooth enamel, lethargic |
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grave's disease
TX |
~radioiodine
~drugs ~thyroidectomy |
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grave's disease
drug tx |
~antithyroid meds
~methemazole (tapozole) ~propythiouracil (PTU) ~iodides (lugol's solution) ~sat'd solution of K (SSDI) iodide |
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hypoparathyroidism
TX |
~Acute:calcium gluconate
~Chronic: oral Ca, Vit D |
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grave's disease
NI |
~prov rest
~cold climate ~high cal, high carb, high prot ~no caffeine, stimulants ~daily wts |
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thyroidectomy
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~removal of thyroid gland (full/part)
~POST:semi-fowlers ~check dressing @ back of neck ~Complications:tetany (chostek, trousseau), thyroid storm |
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hypoparathyroidism
NI |
~prov quiet rm
~no stimulus ~assess 4 incr s/s of muscular irritability ~Ca gluconate @ bedside ~Ca not reabsorbed w/o vit D |
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thyroid storm
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~check w/in 12hrs
~all hormones suddenly released, qThing is elev ~spiking fever (106) ~tachycardia ~delirium ~irritability |
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hyperparathyroidism
etio |
~incr secretion of parathyroid hormones
~Ca deposited in blood ~prone 2 kidney stones |
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hyperparathyroidism
S/S |
~bone deformities
~susceptible 2 frac |
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hyperparathyroidism
TX |
~surgery
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hyperparathyroidism
NI |
~strain all urine
~force fluids ~low Ca (no milk/cheese) ~prev constipation |
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diabetes mellitus
etio |
~chronic dz of carb metab categ by imbalance btwn insulin supply/demand
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ketoacidosis
causes |
~lack of insulin
~infec ~stress |
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ketoacidosis
tx |
~reg insulin IV
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insulin
intermediate |
~NPH
~lente ~onset: 1-2hrs ~peak: 7-12hrs ~duration: 24-30hrs |
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insulin
rapid-acting |
~regular
~semilente ~onset: 0.5-1hr ~peak: 2-4hrs ~duration: 6-8hrs |
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diabetes mellitus
S/S |
~polyuria
~polydypsia ~polyphagia ~wt loss |
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ketoacidosis
S/S |
~polyuria
~thirst ~N/V ~dry mucous membranes |
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diabetes mellitus
TX |
~hypoglycemics
~insulin |
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hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNK)
S/S |
~extremely high glucose level
~no ketones |
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diabetes mellitus
type I |
~<30yrs
~pancreas (no insulin prod) ~insulin dependent ~juvenile onset ~prone 2 DKA |
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insuline
long-acting |
~protamine zinc
~ultralente ~onset: 4-6hrs ~peak: 18+ hrs ~duration: 30-36hrs |
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hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNK)
insulin pump |
~external device that prov vaso dose of reg insulin w/bolus dose b4 meals
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diabetes mellitus
drug tx |
~tolbutamide (orinase)
~chlorpropamide (diabinase) ~glyburide (micromase) |
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diabetes mellitus
type II |
~>30
~obesity ~oral hypoglycemics or insulin ~stim pancreas 2 make more insulin ~pt w/DKA, mon s/s 4 Kussmal resps |
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hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNK)
teaching |
~daily ft care
~diabetic neuropathy ~always wear shoes ~diet ~exercise ~meds |
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when mixing insulin
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~draw up regular first
~then draw up NPH |
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hepatitis A
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~fecal-oral contact
~S/S:flu-like, upper resp infec, HA, malaise, jaundice, dark urine, liver tenderness ~NI:enteric precautions, bed rest, low fat, fluids, drug therapy, low vit (b12) ~PREV:good snitation |
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hepatitis B
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~percutaneous/oral exposure 2 blood of infec persons
~S/S:flu-like, HA, malaise, jaundice, dark urine, liver tenderness ~NI:enteric precautions, bed rest, low fat, fluids, drug therapy, low vit (b12), blood precaution ~PREV:mandatory screening of donors ~standard precaution ~enteric precaution (gloves/gown) ~no sharing utensils ~Tx but not cured |
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hypoglycemia
causes |
~decr dietary intake
~excess insulin ~tachycardia ~diaphoresis ~tremors ~weakness ~irritability ~confusion |
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hypoglycemia
tx |
~hard candy
~soda ~OJ |
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lipodystrophy
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~defective metabolism of fat
~no cold insulin; roll btwn hands 2 warm ~indurated areas of SQ tissue d/t injecting cold insulin or nt rotating sites |
