Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
signs mild to moderate hypoxia |
tachypnea, dyspnea, tachycardia, pale-cool-clammy skin, increased BP, restlessness and agitation, disorientation/confusion, headache
|
|
|
signs severe hypoxia |
tachypnea, dyspnea, tachycardia-dysrhythmias-eventually bradycardia, cyanosis, severe confusion, loss of coordination, sleepy appearance, head bobbing/droopy eyelids, slow reaction time, altered mental status, seizure |
|
|
Sign of hypoxia in newborn |
bradycardia
|
|
|
Snoring |
upper airway partially obstructed |
|
|
snoring tx |
head tilt chin lift |
|
|
crowing |
muscles around larynx spasm narrowing the opening to the trachea |
|
|
gurgling |
presence of blood vomitus or liquid in upper airway |
|
|
gurgling tx |
sxn |
|
|
stridor |
harsh high pitched sound during inspiration significant upper airway obstruction, swelling in larynx, or obstruction by foreign object |
|
|
technique used to open mouth in unresponsive/altered mental status pt |
crossed finger technique and then inspect mouth-confirm clear |
|
|
pt. breathing inadequately |
provide positive pressure ventilation |
|
|
open and maintain patent airway (3 things) |
1- use one of open airway maneuvers (head tilt chin lift or jaw thrust) 2-sxn 3-mechanical airways (either NPA or OPA) |
|
|
head tilt chin lift |
used to open airway, don't use if suspected spinal injury temporary maneuver supplement w/OPA or NPA |
|
|
infant head tilt chin lift |
neutral position or "sniffing"
pad behind shoulders |
|
|
jaw thrust |
used to open airway w/suspected spinal injury |
|
|
sxn catheters 2 types |
hard tip-Yankauer/tonsil tip
soft catheter-french catheter |
|
|
Yankauer used for |
sxn mouth and oropharynx of unresponsive patient |
|
|
French tip catheter used for |
sxn nose and nasopharynx 80-120 mmHg |
|
|
how to measure french tip catheter |
if used for sxn nasopharynx - tip of nose to tip of ear
if snx oropharynx- measure tip of mouth to tip of ear |
|
|
Amount of time appropriate to sxn adults and children |
adults- no more than 15 sec children - no more than 5 sec |
|
|
pt producing frothy secretions and need to be ventilated |
sxn 15 sec then ventilate & oxygentate x 2min and repeat as needed |
|
|
OPA used for |
unresponsive, no gag |
|
|
measure OPA |
corner of mouth to tragus of ear |
|
|
OPA insertion |
upside down and rotate 180 degree once at soft palate OR tongue depressor method- preferred for children and infants |
|
|
NPA used for: |
can't use OPA (biting, can't tolerate OPA), less likely to stimulate vomiting
not fully responsive and needs assistance maintaining an open airway but minimally intact gag reflex |
|
|
contraindication of using OPA |
suspected fx to base of skull or severe facial trauma |
|
|
measure NPA |
tip of nose to tip of ear |
|
|
insertion of NPA |
lubericate w/sterile water based lubericant, bevel against septum and then check airflow through airway |
|
|
Assess adequate breathing (8) |
1- look 2-listen 3-feel 4-auscultate bilaterally 5-rate 6-rhythm 7-quality 8-depth |
|
|
Agonal respirations |
gasping type breaths |
|
|
need for pt to be ventilated |
either inadequate rate OR tidal volume |
|
|
ventilation rate with pulse adult/adolescent |
10-12/min one every 5-6 seconds |
|
|
ventilation rate child & Infant with pulse |
12-20/min one every 3-5 seconds |
|
|
ventilation rate newborn with pulse |
40-60/min one every 1-1.5 seconds |
|
|
hazards of O2 |
O2 toxicity retina damage respiratory depression w/COPD |
|
|
changing O2 source |
remove device from pt first |
|
|
Nonrebreather |
100% (actually 90%) O2 flow- prevent bag from collapsing typically 15 lpm |
|
|
NC |
24-44% 4% increase of O2 per lpm flow 1-6 lpm |
|
|
simple face mask |
up to 60% 6-10 lpm |
|
|
partial rebreather |
35-60% 6-10 lpm |
|
|
Venturi mask |
percise O2 concentration |
|
|
tracheostomy mask |
typically less than 50% |
