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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the primary cause of death in people age 1 to 34 yrs?
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Trauma
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17.5
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Trauma
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The acute physiologic and structural change (injury) that occurs in a pt's body when an external source energy dissipates faster than the body's ability sustain and dissipate it.
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17.5
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Mechanical energy
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Energy from motion (kinetic energy, ie a moving vehicle) or stored in an object (potential energy, ie wall).
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17.6
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Chemical energy
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Energy found in an explosive, acid, or even from a reaction to an ingested or medically delivered agent or drug.
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17.6
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Electrical energy
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Energy form from high voltage electrocution or a lightning strike.
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17.6
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Barometric energy
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Energy resulting in sudden and radical changes in pressure, ie during flying.
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17.6
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Biomechanics
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The study of the physiology and mechanics of a living organism using the tools of mechanical engineering. Provides a way of analyzing the mechanisms and results of trauma sustained by the human body.
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17.6
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Kinetics
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The study of the relation of speed, mass, direction of force, and gives us the ability to predict injury pattern.
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17.6
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velocity
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How fast your pt is traveling.
The distance an object travels per unit time. The difference between velocity and speed is velocity is also defined by moving in a specific direction. |
17.6
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____________ tissues are less compressible than ______________ tissues.
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Water-bearing
gas-containing |
17.6
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The platinum ten minutes
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The goal of a maximum time spent at a scene for a critical trauma pt.
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17.9
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Acceleration
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The rate of change of velocity that an object is subject to, whether speeding up or slowing down,
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17.9
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Gravity
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The downward acceleration that is imparted to any object on earth by the effect of the earth's mass.
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17.9
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Kinectic energy of an object
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The energy associated with that object in motion. Express mathematically as KE=mass/2 x velocity to the 2nd
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17.10
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law of conservation of energy
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Energy can be neither created nor destroyed, it can only change form.
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17.11
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List the forms of energy:
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Thermal
Electrical Chemical Radiant Mechanical Kinetic |
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Newton's 1st law of motion
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A body at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force.
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17.11
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Newton's 2nd low of motion
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The force that an object can exert is the product of its mass times accleration. Force= Mass x Accleration
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17.11
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Blunt trauma vs Penetrating trauma
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Where as penetrating penetrates the skin, blunt trauma refers in which tissue is not penetrated by an external object.
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17.11
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entrance wound vs exit wound
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In general the entrance wound is always smaller than the exit wound.
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17.11
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Injuries that occur before impact
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deceleration injuries.
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17.12
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flail chest
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A condition in which the chest wall moves paradoxically with respirations. *
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17.13
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Blunt cardiac injury can...
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compress the heart between bones in the chest, causing arrhythmias and direct injury to the heart muscle.
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17.13
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What may compression of the lungs cause?
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ARDS-Acute respiratory distress syndrome characterized by respiratory insufficiency and hypoxemia.
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17.13
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List the three impacts with adult pedestrian vs vehicle
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Usually facing away.
1) Point of impact at the bumper usually lower half. 2) Upper part of body is thrown on hood and or grill. 3) Body strikes ground. |
17.21
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List the three impacts with pediatric pedestrian vs vehicle
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Usually face towards like deer in the head lights.
1) Bumper hits pelvis and femur. 2) Cx and abd hit the grill or hood. 3) The head strikes the vehicle and the ground. |
17.21
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Injuries from height depend on:
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Height determines velocity, position determines injury pattern (Children tend to fall head 1st), area, surface, physical condition.
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17.21
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Don Juan syndrome of lover's leap
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Injury pattern from a fall from vertical standing position with common injuries including foot, lower ext, hip, pelvis, sacral, and lumbar compressions, also cause force injuries to organs within the abd.
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17.21
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List the 5 phases of MVA
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1) Deceleration of the vehicle
2) Deceleration of the occupants 3) Deceleration of internal organs 4) Secondary collisions 5) Additional impact the vehicle may receive |
17.134
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List the five primary types of impact patterns for MVAs.
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Frontal or head on, lateral or side impact, rear impact, rotational, and rollover.
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17.14
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Which type of impact pattern have a greatest potential to cause death? (MVA)
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Rollovers
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17.17
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Ejection increases chance of death by ___ times. _____ of _____ sustain cervical-spine fracture. _____ of _____ sustain major and permanent cervical spine injuries.
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25
1 3 1 13 |
17.17
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Information to be obtain if possible for gun shots:
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-What kind of weapon was used (handgun, rifle, or shotgun, typen and caliber if known)?
-At what range was it fired? -What kind of bullet was used? -Powder residue around wound? -Entrance and exit wound |
17.24
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permanent cavity
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17.23
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pathway expansion
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17.23
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What type of organs are most susceptible to pressure changes?
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Air-containing organs such as middle ear, lung, and gastrointestinal tract.
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17.25
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With blast injuries to the ears be suspicious for...
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Lung injuries.
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17.25-26
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arterial air embolism
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Air bubbles in the arterial blood vessels.
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17.28
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