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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Triage
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process of quickly assessing patients in a multiple-casualty incident and assigning patients a priority
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First aid rules that HMs should follow in any emergency?
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1.Maintain breathing
2.Stop bleeding/maintain circulation 3.Prevent or treat for shock |
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Combatant
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participating in military operations or activities.
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In non-tactical situations, what priority is immediate?
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Casualties whose injuries are critical but who will require only minimal time or equipment to manage and who have a good prognosis for survival.
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In non-tactical situations, what priority is delayed?
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Casualties whose injuries are debilitating but who do not require immediate management to salvage life or limb.
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In non tactical situations, which priority is minor?
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Know as “walking wounded”
-minor injuries that can wait for treatment or who may even assist in the interim by comforting other casualties or helping as litter bearers. |
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In non tactical situations, which priority is expectant?
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severe that they have only minimal chance of survival.
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When performing suctioning what two positions can the patient be placed in?
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semi fowlers or recovery
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What is the best type of catheter to use in the field when suctioning?
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Tonsil-tip (Yankauer)
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When would a Flexible (French, or whistle-tip) catheters be used for suctioning?
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used in situations where rigid catheters cannot be used, such as a patient with clenched teeth or for use in nasopharyngeal suctioning.
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when suctioning what percent of oxygen should be applied?
if they are not recieveing oxygen what should they do? |
100%
take 5 deep breaths |
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You should never suction for longer than? adults? children? infants?
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15 seconds adults
10 seconds children 5 seconds infants |
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How do you measure a flexible catheter?
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earlobe to the corner of the mouth or the center of the mouth to the angle of the jaw.
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how do you measure a Nasopharyngeal catheter?
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tip of the earlobe to the nose
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When inserting a nasopharyngeal airway what do you coat the tip in?
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water-soluble lubricant.
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When inserting a surgical cricothyroidotomy, how big is the incision?
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1 1/12 in vertical incision
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Define Pneumothorax.
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presence of air within the chest cavity
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When performing a chest decompression, where is the insertion sight?
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the second intercostal space approximately two finger widths below the clavicle (between the second and third ribs) at the mid-clavicular line (approximately in line with the nipple) on the same side of the casualty's chest as the injury.
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what size bore needle is used when performing a chest decompression?
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3.25 inch, 14 gauge
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what is the percentage range of oxygen that should be delivered through the nasal cannula?
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24-44%
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What signs should be posted where oxygen is used and stored?
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"oxygen" and "no smoking"
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Define Shock.
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A state of inadequate tissue erfusion resulting in a decreased amount of oxygen in the vitl tissues and orgns
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Wht are the three major types of shock?
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Hypovolemic
Distributive (Vasogenic) Cardiogenic |
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What is Hypovolemic shock?
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loss of intravscular volume. occurs from blood, plasma or fluid loss.
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What is distibutive( vasogenic) shock?
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when blood vessels dilte(enlarge) without a proportionl increase in fluid volume.
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What are the three types of of distibutive shock?
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neurogenic
septic psychogenic (vasovagal) |
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What is cardiogenic shock?
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heart failing to pump blood adequately to ll vitl parts of the body
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What are the three stages of shock?
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Compensated( Non-progressive)
Decompensted ( Progressive) Irreversible |
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What is the avg. adult volume of blood?
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5-6 liters
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How much blood loss will cause a life threatening condition?
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1 liter or 25-40%
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In a tactical environment when treatment is delayed what is first prority?
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Controlling any major hemorrhage
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Define Shock.
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A state of inadequate tissue erfusion resulting in a decreased amount of oxygen in the vitl tissues and orgns
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Wht are the three major types of shock?
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Hypovolemic
Distributive (Vasogenic) Cardiogenic |
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What is Hypovolemic shock?
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loss of intravscular volume. occurs from blood, plasma or fluid loss.
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What is distibutive( vasogenic) shock?
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when blood vessels dilte(enlarge) without a proportionl increase in fluid volume.
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What are the three types of of distibutive shock?
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neurogenic
septic psychogenic (vasovagal) |
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how long does it take for septic shock?
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5-7 days
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What are the three priorities of scene size up/scene assesment?
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safety
identificaiton of patients mechnism of injury |
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What is syncope?
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fainting
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A cerebrovsculr accident is also know as what?
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stroke or apoplexy
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What is the most common psychiatric emergency is?
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suicide attempt
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What is the largest organ of the body?
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skin
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what are the five sets of scene size-up?
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1. determine the safest route to the patient
2.determine the mechanism of injury 3.determine the number of patients 4. request additional help if necessary 5. consider stbilization of the spine |
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what is DCAP-BTLS?
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deformities
contusions abrasions punctures penetration burns tenderness lacerations swelling |
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What does SAMPLE stand for?
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Signs and symptoms
allergies medications past medical history last oral intake events preceding illness or injury |
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What does OPQRST stand for and when do you use it?
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Used to gather history of the present illness.
Onset Provocation Quality Radiation Severity Time intervention |
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Wht does AVPU stand for?
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Alert
Verbal Pain Unresponsive |
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When do you use avpu
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to access mental status
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What is Angina Pectoris?
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insufficient oxygen being circulted to the heart muscle
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What sets Angina apart from other heart problems?
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more painful with exertion and subsides with rest
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What causes Acute Myocardial Infarction?
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Coronary artery is occluded or blocked by clot.
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Symtoms of Acute Myocrdil Infrction.
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sweating
weakness nausia leads to dealth if not treated. |
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During congestive heart failure how does the heart compensate for decreased heart function?
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Increasing the size of the left ventricular pumping chamber, increasing the heart rate
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symptoms of Pulmonary edema.
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i.
Shortness of breath. ii. Dyspnea. iii. Rales upon auscultation. iv. Blood tinged sputum. |
