Ekg Med/surge -1

Front 1

SA node

Back 1

Pacemaker of heart- rate 60-100bpm.Electrical pulse will begin here if heart is working normally

Front 2

AV node

Back 2

has delay which allows for atrial contraction and filling of ventricles- rate 40- 60 bpm

Front 3

Bundle of His

Back 3

ability to self initiate electrical activity. rate 20 to 40bpm can self initiate itself it doesn't receive signal from SA or AV nodes.

Front 4

purkenje fibers

Back 4

collection of fibers that carry electrical impulese directly to the ventricles.; rate 20 to 40 bpm

Front 5

P wave

Back 5

"atria firing" SA node fires & sends electrical stimulation to both atria, cause them to contract (depolarize)- .10 sec in length

Front 6

PR interval (PRI)

Back 6

time which impulses travels from SA node to atria down to ventricles. Start of P wave. Rate- 0.12-0.20 sec (3-5 small boxes)

Front 7

QRS complex

Back 7

depolarization of ventricles. measures less than 0.12 sec.

Front 8

T wave

Back 8

ventricular repolarization. Resting phase of the heart cycle

Front 9

ST segment

Back 9

represents the time between ventricular depolarization and repolarization. This segment should be flat or isoelectric and represents the absence of any electrical activity between these two events.

Front 10

Sinus rhythm

Back 10

All P waves present and look the same, QRS complex all have same narrowing, all T waves present. must have all present can be either normal, brady or tachy.

Front 11

Junctional dysrhythmias

Back 11

refer to dysrhythmias that originate in the area of the AV node, in which the AV node becomes the pacemaker of the heart. No P wave or SA node is present.

Front 12

Ventricle rhythm

Back 12

electrical impulses originate in the Purkinje fibers can be 20 to 40 bpm. Has very wide QRS complexes

Front 13

Atrial Flutter

Back 13

atrial tachydysrhythmia identified by recurring, regular, sawtooth-shaped flutter waves that originate from a single ectopic focus in the right atrium.

Front 14

Atrial fibrillation

Back 14

characterized by a total disorganization of atrial electrical activity caused by multiple ectopic foci resulting in loss of effective atrial contraction. Firing at 250 to 300 bpm.

Front 15

Ventricular rhythms

Back 15

SA or AV node fail to initiate impulses, the ventricles will take on the responsibility of pacing the heart with 20 to 40 bpm. Impulses can come from Bundle of his or purkinje fibers.

Front 16

Premature ventricular contraction (PVC)

Back 16

is the premature occurrence of a QRS complex, which is wide and distorted in shape compared with a QRS complex initiated from the normal conduction pathway. Heart will reset itself to try to start over with a normal sinus beat.

Front 17

Ventricular tachycardia (VT)

Back 17

Lethal rhythm. Is a run of three or more PVCs. It occurs when an ectopic focus or foci fire repetitively and the ventricle takes control as the pacemaker. Can't see P or T wave, can be with or without pulse. Needs CPR & to be shocked.

Front 18

Ventricular fibrillation (VF)

Back 18

Lethal rhythm- is characterized on ECG by irregular undulations of varying shapes and amplitude.Results in an unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic state. If not rapidly treated, the patient will die. Treatment consists of immediate initiation of CPR and advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) measures with the use of defibrillation and definitive drug therapy.

Front 19

Torsades de pointes

Back 19

lethal rhythm- accordion. Rhythms gets wide then narrow again. Usually from electrolyte imbalance. Pt is low in Mg.

Front 20

Asystole

Back 20

represents the total absence of ventricular electrical activity with the patient being unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. Rquires immediate treatment consisting of CPR with initiation of ACLS measures. Lethal rhythm

Front 21

Pulseless electrical activity (PEA)

Back 21

describes a situation in which electrical activity is observed on the ECG, but there is no mechanical activity of the ventricles and the patient has no pulse. Requires immediate treatment consisting of CPR with initiation of ACLS measures.

Front 22

first-degree AV block

Back 22

Space between P & QRS is longer than normal. Every impulse is conducted to the ventricles, but the duration of AV conduction is prolonged. Block is usually not serious. Patients are asymptomatic. There is no treatment.

Front 23

second-degree AV block, type I (Mobitz I or Wenckebach heart block)

Back 23

there is a gradual lengthening of the PR interval until an atrial impulse is nonconducted and a QRS complex is blocked (missing). Space between P & QRS gets longer & longer until it drops a QRS & you get 1 P's in a row.

Front 24

Second-degree AV block, type II (Mobitz II heart block

Back 24

involves a P wave that is nonconducted without progressive antecedent PR lengthening. This almost always occurs when a block in one of the bundle branches is present.Pt can can LOC changes become cyanotic, have low 02. Pt wil need pacemaker and can develop to type 3 block

Front 25

third-degree AV block,

Back 25

complete heart block, no impulses from the atria are conducted to the ventricles. P & QRS are not communicating. P is trown out & regular but not going through to QRS. No communication between ventricle and atria.