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107 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Preliterate
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story-telling
how to survive pictographs |
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China
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self-improvement
Confucianism ethics, wisdom, spirit |
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India
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religion
harmony with environment Buddhism math, science, medicine, engineering |
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Egypt
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hieroglyphics
mathematics, reading, writing, justice papyrus, reed, ink |
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Greek
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Sparta- physical military to protect state
Athens- individual held above state Socratic method |
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Roman
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universities
develop moral citizenship Quintilian |
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Arabic
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Arabic numerals
algebra system require doctors to get certification |
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Medieval
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universities
liberal arts lecture style student unions degrees |
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Renaissance
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revival of Greek ideas
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Reformation
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everyone receives education
literacy Luther |
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Vernacular
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free education
teach in native languages |
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New England Colonies
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foundation for US eucation system
literacy from early grammar schools |
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Middle Atlantic Colonies
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homeschooling
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Southern Colonies
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school is a private matter
homeschooling division of race |
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Early National
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Benjamin Rush- univeral education for education
Sunday school, girl school, etc |
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Monitorial
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Joseph Lancaster
peer tutoring |
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Frontier Schools/One-Room School
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western rural US
one room schoolhouse common school movement practical skills |
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Academies
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pre-cursor to high schools
military academies |
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Junior High
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shorten elementary
explore vocational interests pre-adolescents learn differently still have them today |
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Secondary
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focus on practical education to become a worker
vocational skills classes (industrial tech) |
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Higher Education
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colleges and universities
liberal and classic |
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Infant Schools
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Robert Owen
blueprint for kindergarten and preschool |
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Sunday Schools
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use Bible, copy passages
children factory workers free on Sundays modern Sunday schools |
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Committee of Ten
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practical education
college prep cources AP credit, DECA |
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Landgrant Colleges
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each state given land
develop social and economic skills agriculture and mechanics (A&M) NU is a grant college |
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Higher Education for Women
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how to be a teacher
women's colleges co-ed schools |
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Education of Hispanic Americans
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put into American schools to assimilate into US culture
Spanish courses, learn history and culture of Hispanic Americans |
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Education of Native Americans
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Pre-Euro- oral, survival skills, spiritual awareness
Post-Euro- forced to assimilate into public schools got education by giving up land |
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Education of Asian Americans
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high percentage have degrees
40% of board to create UCLA curriculum |
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Education of Black Americans
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few education before civil war because owners of slaves were worried that they would gain power
Tuskegee Institute- dignity of labor, practical skills boosted education for minorities |
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Teacher Institutues
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summer meetings where teachers taught different methods and ideas and inspired each other
continuing education |
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Erasmus
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human nature as a subject
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Plato
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hands-on
started curriculum of music and PE |
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St. Thomas Aquinus
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Christian theology
government should not violate human rights doctrine of Roman Catholic church |
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Socrates
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Socratic method
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Marin Luther
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independent thinking
protested against Roman church free, state-supported education |
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Francis Bacon
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scientific method
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John Locke
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Tableu Rosa
theories served as basis for constitutions (life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness) come to world with blank slate mind minds need to be exercised and developed |
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Jean-Jacques Rosseau
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influenced French revolution
Enlightenment humans are good by nature but influenced badly by society |
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Pestalozzi
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child has potential and teachers help mold
go from concrete to abstract child-centereed |
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Johann Herbert
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interest, appreciation, correlation
lesson plans with 5 steps |
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Froebel
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first kindergarten
activities, creativity, human spirit |
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Thomas Jefferson
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Univeristy of Virginia
public schools Bill of Rights |
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Benjamin Rush
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prepare kids for college
free public schools |
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Horace Mann
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state board of education
increase teacher pay and give them better materials and teacher training institutions |
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Henry Barnard
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American Journal of Education
good enough for the best, cheap enough for the poor |
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Katharine Beecher
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private schools for ladies
schooling for girls to challenge them and better educate them |
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W.E.B. Du Bois
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first black man to graduate with Ph.D. from Harvard
NAACP education of African-Americans |
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John Dewey
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child-centered
experience, not memorization life-long process of education |
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Ella Young
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teacher training
wanted students interest acknowledged in curriculum |
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Jane Adams
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Nobel Peace Prize
Hull House took in immigrant families and educated them |
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George Counts
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founded AFT
provide students with tools so they can make change in society |
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Montessori
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started Montessori schools
hands-on, sensory, physical activities, self-discipline children have inner spirit and need interest |
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Benjamin Franklin
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English, not Latin
prepare farmers, craftsmen, practical studies |
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Howard Gardner
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multiple intelligences
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Lev Vygotsky
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culture shapes learning
peer tutoring ZPD (zone of proximal development) What is known, skills with help, what is not known |
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John Calvin
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started dual track system
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Willian Bagley
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essentialism movement
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Aristotle
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realism
music, PE educationn necesary for society to function |
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Thurgood Marshall
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first African-American Supreme Court justice
Brown v. Board of Education desegregated public schools |
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Confucius
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Chinese philosopher
morality, justice, sincerity |
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How are school systems funded?
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taxation
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Who governs school systems?
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State Board of Education
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Where does the money for school systems come from?
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taxpayers
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Who makes the rules about school systems?
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National, State, and Local Boards of Education
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voucher
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if school is in failing status, government gives family certain amount of money to pull kid out and put them in another school (usually private)
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charter school
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created by parents and teachers that want to focus on specific area; private; only law they have to follow is health code; have 5 years to prove legal, curricular, financial, and academic requirements
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tenure
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after 3-5 years of teaching, you are a tenured teacher; no longer have to get contract every year; entitled to due due process (if you do something wrong, principal tells you what you have to improve and how long you have to improve)
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staff development
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continuing education for teachers and other staff; usually focused on things that they can directly apply to teaching
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ELL
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English Language Learner
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ESL
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English as a Second Language
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Merit pay
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teachers pay depends on kids' test scores
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What makes education a profession?
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certification
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What are the benefits of belonging to an association?
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insurance, representation in case of legal action
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First Amendment
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freedom of religion (establishment clause and restriction clause), freedom of speech, peaceful assembly
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Fourth Amendment
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rigth to be secure (search and seizue clause) - only need reasonable suspicion in education
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Eighth Amendment
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protection against cruel and unusual punishment
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Tenth Amendment
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states' rights
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Fourteenth Amendment
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can't deprive anyone of due process (life, liberty, and possessions)
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NCLB
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started in 2002 by George W. Bush; 1. teachers must be highly qualified 2. proportion of teachers in their field 3. AYP (Adequate Yearly Process) - by 2014, 100% of students should take assessments, 100% will graduate, 100% will be proficient/advanced 4. if schools don't hit the mark...safe harbor, replace staff, withhold money, or do vouchers
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ethics
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system/code/process of using morality; citizenship, community, employers, teachers
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values
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importance of ethics and morals; things we find important
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morals
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concept of right and wrong; an idea
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Perennialism
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info doesn't change
century-old info is still relevant classical works truth is constant |
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Essentialism
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back to basics
common core of knowledge become productive member of society |
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Progressivism
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focus on whole child
active experimentation started by John Dewey learner-centered problem-solving |
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Reconstructionism
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founded by Theodore Bramfield
societal questions wanted to create society where humans helped each other to reduce oppression develop dialogue and inquiry |
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Reconstructionism
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founded by Theodore Bramfield
societal questions wanted to create society where humans helped each other to reduce oppression develop dialogue and inquiry |
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Behaviorism
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behavior is determined by others, not by free will
need to have a reason to learn repetition/reward and punishmetn |
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Post-Modernism
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don't like absolutes
concerned with power and believe that institutions are used by those in power student-centered reality changes |
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Realism
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deductive
put clues together to find answer believe in here and now nature, physical things |
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Idealism
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looks at the way the world should be
ideals, truths, values metacognition - self talk believe in future |
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Pragmatism
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inductive
take what they know and apply it situational, experiences scientific method life is a series of changes |
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Existentialism
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free will/individual choice
let's use this knowledge that we have we set our own personal reality love to philosophize and expand |
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Brown v. Board of Education
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separate but equal schools are not equal
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Lau v. Nichols
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need to have programs that help ELL's
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Board of Education v. Rowley
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special needs students need free and approprate education and must be in least restrictive environment
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West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette
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students do not have to pledge to the flag
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Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
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students do not shed their constitutional rights at the schoolhouse gate
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Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
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public school officials may pull a story if they say something is inappropriate or does not have an educational reason
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Mt. Healthy City School District v. Doyle
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3 step decision for applying free speech involving employee and employer
1. employee must prove that what he said was for public good 2. employee must prove why he was fired 3. employer must prove that the employee would've been fired anyways |
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Island Trees Union School District v. Pico
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schools can't ban books because they don't like what the book is talking about
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Ingraham v. Wright
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8th amendment applies to prison, not schools
if punishment is excessive and goes against 14th then it is a problem |
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New Jersey v. TLO
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schools only need reasonable suspicion to initiate search and seizure
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Veronia School District v. Action
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entitled and allowed to do random drug testing of athletes without parent permission
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Franklin v. Gwinnet County Public Schools
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Title IX is a form of gender discrimination
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Code of Ethics
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Commitment as a Professional Educator, Commitment to the Student, Commitment to the Public, Commitment to the Profession, Commitment to Professional Employment Practices
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