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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
NCLB |
GWBs initiative, bipartisan approved effort |
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Diversity Penalty |
schools are penalized for having a high population of ELL and Special Ed Students. Catch 22. |
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Accountability |
Testing Requirements, AYP, Consequences, Public Reporting |
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Dropout Rates |
The dropout rates have INCREASED due to NCLB because schools are focused on positive test scores and AYP |
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Linda Darling Hammond's Marshall Plan for Teaching |
recruit new teachers by underwriting their preparation, adding incentives for veteran teachers teaching within needy schools, "teaching hospitals" |
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The good with NCLB |
flags differences in race and class, shines spotlight on longstanding inequalities |
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the bad with NCLB |
lawsuits against the government regarding unfunded costs, drill and kill approach, harms special ed and ell |
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America falls about |
halfway in worldwide rankings |
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funding |
NCLB allocates about 10% of most schools budgets |
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tracking |
combination of ability grouping and curriculum differentiation |
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Oakes found in her study that... |
tracking often prevents rather than promotes educational goals within schools, has a disproportionate impact on poor children and students of color, |
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assumptions underlying tracking... |
students differ in academic potential, separation is necessary to manage the difference, academic aptitude are stable, classification can be easily accomplished |
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common and predictable characterisitics |
intellectual performance is judged and then placement is determined, tracks are labeled according to the performance level of students in them, curriculum is tailored to students in them, the collective groups form a hierarchy |
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high track |
high status knowledge, more time for learning, more friendly and warm environment |
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low track |
low status knowledge, more time with discipline problems, focused on discipline |
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factors for thrivin |
temperament, insightful, supporting and affirming relationships, moral strengths |
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psychological resilience |
being able to bounce back after adversity or tragedy |
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inclusive schools |
safe spaces, complex pedalogical thought, prepare the next generation of citizens |
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inclusive curricula and pedagogy |
subtle, but powerful inclusive learning community |
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inclusive policies and practices |
support values of safety and respect, non discriminatory policies, |
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primary message of waiting for superman |
american public education is a failed enterprise, money is not the problem, teacher unions are a barrier to reform, bad teachers are protected by unions, poverty is not the problem |
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statistics on charter schools v. public school |
17% of charter schools are better 37% were worse 46% were equivalent |
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how much of test data is attributed to teacher quality |
7.5-10% |
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Geoffrey Canada |
makes 400,000 a year has nearly 200 million in assets |
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wfs believes that teacher unions are |
protecting "bad teachers" |
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DFER |
democrats for education reform, contributed to political candidates for local and state offices who pledge to promote charter schools |
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Americans are obsessed with |
tracking student performance, accountability, competition, and school choice |
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Finnish schools assess through |
performance based or teacher made assessments |
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finland's schools primary drive since the 1980s has been |
education being necessary to even our social inequality |
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necessary for social order because it justifies class differences |
The Noble Lie |
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Jefferson believed education was the |
future foundation of order will be laid out there and necessary for a stable society |
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treaty of guadalupe hidalgo |
annexation of 525000 miles that includes states as well as the exclusion of cultural heritage |
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natural aristocracy |
groups of citizens selected to lead through merit and talent |
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Sources of enlightenment thought |
John Locke and Jean Jacques Rosseau |
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purpose of virginia plan |
schools would function as a little republic |
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abigail adams |
urged her husband to remember the ladies and to protect them from tyrannical men |
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Mary Wollstonecraft |
wrote the Vindication of the Rights of Women. believed in full rights for women and men, and ample job opportunities |
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subtractive schooling |
strives to remove any culture from students and Americanize them |
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influences on public school growth |
urbanization, industrialization, and immigration |
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Horace Mann |
wanted self-discipline for self-government |
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appeals to wealthy |
would make workers malleable and docile |
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appeals to working class |
would even out class differences |
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Michael Katz's critique |
common schools were a means of social control for wealthy to control the working class |
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feminization of teaching |
refers to belief to nurturing nature, low cost, superior virtue of teachers |
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kid catching |
kids were hogtied and taken off of the reservation and put in boarding schools |
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impact of boarding schools |
individuals werent prepared for life off the reservation or life on the reservation |
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assimilation process |
hair was cut, appearance was changed, name was changed, language was removed |
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naming was significant |
it was pregnant with cultural significance, it was their identity within the tribe |
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Alfred Binet |
developed iq tests and believed that iq could be increased by education |
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Henry Goddard |
translated the BinetSimon scale. believed that intelligence is NOT affected by later influences |
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Carl Brigham |
created theoretical foundations of SAT, culture of standardized testing, and explained differences in racial superiority |
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alpha test |
for the literate army people, measured directions.math/judgment |
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beta test |
for the illiterate army people measured memory, matching, geometry |
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pygmalion effect |
self-fufilling prophecy |
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deficit thinking |
blames the victim, notion that kids have internal defects |
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Alvarez v. lemmon grove |
based on the 14th amendment, first successful desegregation case, isolated as local event |
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language exclusion |
less than 7% offering bilingual education, sink or swim pedalogical practice of English only education |
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unions evolved as |
a way to protect the job security of self-employed artisans |
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changes ushered in by public schools |
centralization, consolidation, specialization, and superintendents |
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John Dewey (pedalogical progressive) |
education is not preparation for life, but life itself |
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Ella Flagg young (pedalogical progressive) |
promoted sharing power to teachers, promoted student centered learning |
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John Dewey and the nature of children |
kids are both naturally social and curious |
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two fallacies |
seed growth is limited because its line of growth is fixed. growth cannot occur without atmospheric influence |
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initiative in growth comes from |
needs and powers of the individual |
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ultimate test of education |
is its use and application in carrying on and improving the common life of all |
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Do negros need separate schools? |
necessary only so far as to provide education for the race |
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proper education |
a sympathetic connection between student and teacher, knowledge of the history and background of black students, proper facilities |
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model minority stereotype |
smart, achievement oriented, hardworking, respectful |
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voluntary minorities |
see themselves as guests and feel the need for social mobility |
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involuntary minorities |
getting educated feels like you are sacrificing your identity to assimmilate into a society you were forced into |
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Lee's critique |
fails to explain why Asians do not perform as well in their respective countries in the US, fails to explain poor achievement across Asian Americans, treats voluntary minorities as a homogeneous group, thereby ignoring group differences |
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Goals 2000: |
lowered intensity of criticism, did not increase funding to DOE, cut grants/loans, no substantial effect |
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A Nation At Risk |
handout policy, school choice, voucher experiments, home schooling, educational excellence. the root of the problem and its solution lies in education |
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school choice/vouchers |
school choice translates as privatization |
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public education system is... |
too big for charter schools/vouchers to have a real impact |
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manufactured crisis |
no significant decline in performance |
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NCLB focused on |
shift to mandated testing |
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site based management |
system with councils that often consists of teachers, parents, often creates tension |
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sputnik |
historical event that created anxiety |
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Brown v. Board |
responsible for an increase in High School Graduation Rates butttt (...) |
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Constitution 1787 |
constitution only refers to equal representation in the upper house |
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14th Amendment |
granting equal protection of the laws (equal protection clause) |
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double taxation |
refers to blacks who were taxed to pay for whites schools but also required to fund their own schools |
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David Berliner study |
disaggragated international test scores |