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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development
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encompasses the life span, highlights the role of the person and culture in development.
Personality grows out of successful resolution of psychosocial crises |
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Erikson Psychosocial Development:
2-3 years |
autonomy vs. shame and doubt
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Erikson Psychosocial Development:
4-5 years |
initiative v.s. guilt
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Erikson Psychosocial Development:
7-11 years |
industry vs. inferiority
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Erikson Psychosocial Development:
12-18 years |
identity vs. role confusion
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Erikson Psychosocial Development:
Young Adulthood |
Intimacy vs. Isolation
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Erikson Psychosocial Development:
Middle Age |
Generativity vs. Stagnation
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Erikson Psychosocial Development:
Old Age |
Integrity vs. Despair
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Epigenetic Principle
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The ego goes through a series of interrelated stages that appear at certain specified times and then combine...much like human fetal development
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Psychosocial Crisis
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Crises occur when people feel compelled to adjust to the societal norm, but aren't certain they are prepared to conform to these demands
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Role Confusion
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uncertainty as to what behaviors others will react to favorably
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Identity
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Feeling at home in your body, having goals, getting recognition
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What two variables does Marcia propose determine whether or not someones has achieved a mature identity?
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crisis and commitment
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Marcia's Identity Diffusion
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Treading Water:
avoid thinking about jobs, roles, and values not self directed |
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Marcia's Identity Foreclosure
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unquestioningly endorse parent's goals and values
Strong, close minded |
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Marcia's Identity Moratorium
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Sails from Port to Port
uncertain about identity, weak, dissatisfied with school, tries allot of new things |
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Marcia's Identity Achievement
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Make their own commitments, fully experienced, strong, planful and rational
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What are some criticisms of Erikson's Theory?
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Based largely on personal experience, not applicable to many cultures, and is gender-biased
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Psychological Androgyny
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Gender role development that combines both feminine and masculine behaviors
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Organization
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tendency to systematize or combine processes into coherent systems
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Adaptation
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tendency to adjust to environment
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Scheme
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organized pattern of behavior or thought
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Assimilation
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new experience is fitted into existing scheme
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Accomodation
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scheme is created or revised to fit new experience
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Equilibration
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tendency to organize schemes to allow better understanding of experiences
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Disequilibrium
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perceived discrepancy between an existing scheme and something new
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Constructavism
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Process of creating knowledge to solve a problem and eliminate a disequilibrium
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Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
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Sensorimotor
Preoperational Concrete Operational Formal Operational |
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Sensorimotor Stage
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Birth to 2 years
develops schemes through sense and motor actvities |
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Preoperational Stage
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2-7 years
Pre-logic acquires ability to conserve, and decenter, but not capable of operations and unable to mentally reverse actions |
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Concrete Operational
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7-11 Years
Concrete Logic Capable of mentally reversing actions but generalizes from physical experiences |
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Formal Operataional
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11-up
Able to deal with abstractions, form hypothesis, solve problems systematically, engage in mental manipulations |
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Adolescent Egocentrism
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preoccupation with their own view of the world and their appearance to others
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Conservation
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ability to recognize that certain properties stay the same despite a change in appearance or position (tall glass, squat glass experiment)
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