Set the Language

We weren't able to detect the audio language on your flashcards. Please select the correct language below.

Front

Back

Hint

Related Flashcards

Flashcards
»
Ecology Unit Test Review

Ecology Unit Test Review

by Beanoyd26, Dec. 2014

Favorite

Add to folder

Flag

Shuffle
Toggle On

Toggle Off
Alphabetize
Toggle On

Toggle Off
Front First
Toggle On

Toggle Off
Both Sides
Toggle On

Toggle Off
Read
Toggle On

Toggle Off

Reading...

Front

Card Range To Study

through

Play button

Progress

1/643

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

643 Cards in this Set

Front
Back
3rd side (hint)

Nitogen cycle	Convert nitrogen into useable forms - soil bacteria convert nitrogen into ammonium -soil bacteria convert ammonium into nitrate - plants absorb both forms of nitrogen - bacteria converts nitrate back into nitrogen gas into atmosphere - Excess nitrate and ammonium eventually enter the lithosphere -	Plants- N2- NH4+- NO3-
Water cycle	Ice and snow- ground water- run off- ocean water- evaporation - sun - condensation - precipitation
Carbon cycle	Carbon released into atmosphere when fossil fuels burned -carbon stored in vegetation - used in photosynthesis to produce carbohydrates -carbon in soil - decaying plants produce carbon -carbon stored in fossil fuels and released when burned -plants eaton by animals - carbon released into atmosphere during respiration of animals and plants - into vegetation again -
Phosphorus cycle	Stored in lithosphere -rocks break and phosphate is released into soil -phosphate absorbed by plants through roots - bacteria break down dead organisms releasing phosphate back in soil	Causes EUTROPHICATION ( deposits of excess nutrients) Ex. Lake Erie, overgrowth in algae by 30 times upsetting natural balances
Abiotic	Non-living factors/parts of an ecosystem	ex. Water, oxygen, light, nutrients, soil, rock
Biotic	Living part of an ecosystem	Ex. Animals, plants, bacteria
Symbiosis	Interaction between members of 2 different species	Fish eating bacteria off of shark
Predation	1 organism eats/consumes another organism for food
Competition	2 or more organisms compete for the same resource
Sustainable ecosystem	An ecosystem capable of withstanding pressure and giving support to a variety of organisms
Sustainable ecosystem	An ecosystem capable of withstanding pressure and giving support to a variety of organisms
Ecosystem	All things interact: all interacting parts of a biological community and its environment
Sustainable ecosystem	An ecosystem capable of withstanding pressure and giving support to a variety of organisms
Ecosystem	All things interact: all interacting parts of a biological community and its environment
Mutualism	An interaction where both organisms benefit	Coral and algae ( algae gives coral colour and coral gives algae food)
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Bioaugmentation	Use of organism ti add nutrients to depleted soil	Clover can replenish nitrogen
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Bioaugmentation	Use of organism ti add nutrients to depleted soil	Clover can replenish nitrogen
Measuring Biodiversity	Canopy fogging, quadrat sampling, transect sampling, netting
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Bioaugmentation	Use of organism ti add nutrients to depleted soil	Clover can replenish nitrogen
Measuring Biodiversity	Canopy fogging, quadrat sampling, transect sampling, netting
Canopy fogging	Low dose of insecticide Insects fall and collected on screen Keep and observe some insects
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Bioaugmentation	Use of organism ti add nutrients to depleted soil	Clover can replenish nitrogen
Measuring Biodiversity	Canopy fogging, quadrat sampling, transect sampling, netting
Canopy fogging	Low dose of insecticide Insects fall and collected on screen Keep and observe some insects
Quadrat sampling	Square area made of plastic and different species counted
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Bioaugmentation	Use of organism ti add nutrients to depleted soil	Clover can replenish nitrogen
Measuring Biodiversity	Canopy fogging, quadrat sampling, transect sampling, netting
Canopy fogging	Low dose of insecticide Insects fall and collected on screen Keep and observe some insects
Quadrat sampling	Square area made of plastic and different species counted
Transect sampling	Using a transect line, a rope or measuring tape which is unrolled within habitat to count at every interval
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Bioaugmentation	Use of organism ti add nutrients to depleted soil	Clover can replenish nitrogen
Measuring Biodiversity	Canopy fogging, quadrat sampling, transect sampling, netting
Canopy fogging	Low dose of insecticide Insects fall and collected on screen Keep and observe some insects
Quadrat sampling	Square area made of plastic and different species counted
Transect sampling	Using a transect line, a rope or measuring tape which is unrolled within habitat to count at every interval
Netting	Mesh nets used to capture birds in terrestrial and fish in aquatic ecosystems
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Bioaugmentation	Use of organism ti add nutrients to depleted soil	Clover can replenish nitrogen
Measuring Biodiversity	Canopy fogging, quadrat sampling, transect sampling, netting
Canopy fogging	Low dose of insecticide Insects fall and collected on screen Keep and observe some insects
Quadrat sampling	Square area made of plastic and different species counted
Transect sampling	Using a transect line, a rope or measuring tape which is unrolled within habitat to count at every interval
Netting	Mesh nets used to capture birds in terrestrial and fish in aquatic ecosystems
Hotspots	Large # of species in small area	Ex. Leitrim Wetlands and Carolinian Canada
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Bioaugmentation	Use of organism ti add nutrients to depleted soil	Clover can replenish nitrogen
Measuring Biodiversity	Canopy fogging, quadrat sampling, transect sampling, netting
Canopy fogging	Low dose of insecticide Insects fall and collected on screen Keep and observe some insects
Quadrat sampling	Square area made of plastic and different species counted
Transect sampling	Using a transect line, a rope or measuring tape which is unrolled within habitat to count at every interval
Netting	Mesh nets used to capture birds in terrestrial and fish in aquatic ecosystems
Hotspots	Large # of species in small area	Ex. Leitrim Wetlands and Carolinian Canada
Deforestation	Clearing forests fir logging or other human uses and never replanting them
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Bioaugmentation	Use of organism ti add nutrients to depleted soil	Clover can replenish nitrogen
Measuring Biodiversity	Canopy fogging, quadrat sampling, transect sampling, netting
Canopy fogging	Low dose of insecticide Insects fall and collected on screen Keep and observe some insects
Quadrat sampling	Square area made of plastic and different species counted
Transect sampling	Using a transect line, a rope or measuring tape which is unrolled within habitat to count at every interval
Netting	Mesh nets used to capture birds in terrestrial and fish in aquatic ecosystems
Hotspots	Large # of species in small area	Ex. Leitrim Wetlands and Carolinian Canada
Deforestation	Clearing forests fir logging or other human uses and never replanting them
Alien species	A species that is accidentally or deliberately introduced into a new location	Ex. Zebra mussels Usually arrive in shipments of food and goods
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Bioaugmentation	Use of organism ti add nutrients to depleted soil	Clover can replenish nitrogen
Measuring Biodiversity	Canopy fogging, quadrat sampling, transect sampling, netting
Canopy fogging	Low dose of insecticide Insects fall and collected on screen Keep and observe some insects
Quadrat sampling	Square area made of plastic and different species counted
Transect sampling	Using a transect line, a rope or measuring tape which is unrolled within habitat to count at every interval
Netting	Mesh nets used to capture birds in terrestrial and fish in aquatic ecosystems
Hotspots	Large # of species in small area	Ex. Leitrim Wetlands and Carolinian Canada
Deforestation	Clearing forests fir logging or other human uses and never replanting them
Alien species	A species that is accidentally or deliberately introduced into a new location	Ex. Zebra mussels Usually arrive in shipments of food and goods
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Invasive species	A species that can take over the habitat of a native species	Ex. Zebra mussels decreased the pop. of crustaceans which lead to a decrease in fish BALLAST WATERS
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Bioaugmentation	Use of organism ti add nutrients to depleted soil	Clover can replenish nitrogen
Measuring Biodiversity	Canopy fogging, quadrat sampling, transect sampling, netting
Canopy fogging	Low dose of insecticide Insects fall and collected on screen Keep and observe some insects
Quadrat sampling	Square area made of plastic and different species counted
Transect sampling	Using a transect line, a rope or measuring tape which is unrolled within habitat to count at every interval
Netting	Mesh nets used to capture birds in terrestrial and fish in aquatic ecosystems
Hotspots	Large # of species in small area	Ex. Leitrim Wetlands and Carolinian Canada
Deforestation	Clearing forests fir logging or other human uses and never replanting them
Alien species	A species that is accidentally or deliberately introduced into a new location	Ex. Zebra mussels Usually arrive in shipments of food and goods
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Invasive species	A species that can take over the habitat of a native species	Ex. Zebra mussels decreased the pop. of crustaceans which lead to a decrease in fish BALLAST WATERS
Overexploitation	Overuse of a resource until its depleted	Ex. Pigeon overhunting lead to extinction
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Bioaugmentation	Use of organism ti add nutrients to depleted soil	Clover can replenish nitrogen
Measuring Biodiversity	Canopy fogging, quadrat sampling, transect sampling, netting
Canopy fogging	Low dose of insecticide Insects fall and collected on screen Keep and observe some insects
Quadrat sampling	Square area made of plastic and different species counted
Transect sampling	Using a transect line, a rope or measuring tape which is unrolled within habitat to count at every interval
Netting	Mesh nets used to capture birds in terrestrial and fish in aquatic ecosystems
Hotspots	Large # of species in small area	Ex. Leitrim Wetlands and Carolinian Canada
Deforestation	Clearing forests fir logging or other human uses and never replanting them
Alien species	A species that is accidentally or deliberately introduced into a new location	Ex. Zebra mussels Usually arrive in shipments of food and goods
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Invasive species	A species that can take over the habitat of a native species	Ex. Zebra mussels decreased the pop. of crustaceans which lead to a decrease in fish BALLAST WATERS
Overexploitation	Overuse of a resource until its depleted	Ex. Pigeon overhunting lead to extinction
Carrying Capacity	Size of population supported by resources in ecosystem/ equilibrium
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Greenhouse gases and Greenhouse Effect	Atmospheric gases that trap heat from leaving atmosphere	Moderate Earth's tempuratures - Kyoto Protocol
Photosynthesis	Converting sun energy into food	6CO2+6H2O--> C6H12O6+ 6O2
Acid precipitation	Fossil fuels are released and burned and gases + water in atmosphere - falls as rain, sleet, or snow	Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide= by products
Measuring pH	How acidic or basic something is	7=neutral, closer to 0=more acidic
Cellular respiration	Aerobic condition - oxygen present	C6H12O6+6CO2--> 6CO2+6H2O+energy/energy out
Bioaccumulation	Ingestion of toxins at a rate faster than eliminated
Biomagnification	Increase in concentration of a toxin as it moves up trophic levels	DDT affected hardness of egg shells so when mother bird sat on eggs for warmth they cracked. -PCBs
Environmental stewardship	Idea humans are responsible for looking after property and species
Restoration Ecology	Renewal of degraded ecosystems through human intervention	Don Valley Brick Works - bricks made from crushed rock from quarry - quarry filled, landscaped, 3 ponds water from Mud Creek -stream passes through site, first pond captures sediment carried by current -plants in other 2 ponds filter before it flows in Lake Ontario
Restoration Methods	- reforestation - wetland restoration
Biocontrol	Introducing a species thats eats off the alien species	Controlling alien species
Chemicals	Langara Island Nesting sea birds and burrowing species -2 alien species of rats - ate birds eggs and nesting( bird pop declined) - poisoning campaign succeeded - ravens and shrews affected by poison -1996 rats eliminated from Island
Trophic levels	Amount if energy moving from one level to another	Producer>primary consumer>secondary consumer> tertiary consumer 10% moves from each level
Bioremediation	Intro to living plants to clean and revegetate soil at toxic sites
Bioaugmentation	Use of organism ti add nutrients to depleted soil	Clover can replenish nitrogen
Measuring Biodiversity	Canopy fogging, quadrat sampling, transect sampling, netting
Canopy fogging	Low dose of insecticide Insects fall and collected on screen Keep and observe some insects
Quadrat sampling	Square area made of plastic and different species counted
Transect sampling	Using a transect line, a rope or measuring tape which is unrolled within habitat to count at every interval
Netting	Mesh nets used to capture birds in terrestrial and fish in aquatic ecosystems
Hotspots	Large # of species in small area	Ex. Leitrim Wetlands and Carolinian Canada
Deforestation	Clearing forests fir logging or other human uses and never replanting them
Alien species	A species that is accidentally or deliberately introduced into a new location	Ex. Zebra mussels Usually arrive in shipments of food and goods
Consumer	Cant make own food	Ex. Bear, fox, fish
Invasive species	A species that can take over the habitat of a native species	Ex. Zebra mussels decreased the pop. of crustaceans which lead to a decrease in fish BALLAST WATERS
Overexploitation	Overuse of a resource until its depleted	Ex. Pigeon overhunting lead to extinction
Carrying Capacity	Size of population supported by resources in ecosystem/ equilibrium
Exponential growth	Accelerating growth thats produces a J shaped curve when its graphed against time
Herbivore	Eats vegetation	Ex. Deer, rabbit
Carnivore	Eats meat and animals	Ex. Lion
Omnivore	Eats both plants and animals	Ex. Bear
Decomposers	Moves nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex.Mushroom
Scavenger	Eats dead things while moving nutrients back to abiotic parts	Ex. Vulture
Effects of acid precipitation	-forest soils lose valuable nutrients - increases in metals in soil interferes with nutrient uptake -devastating to aquatic ecosystems
Exponential growth	Accelerating growth thats produces a J shaped curve when its graphed against time	Wild turkeys were plentiful until over hunting and DEFORESTATION
Humans and C. C	Humans alter carrying capacities
Urban sprawl	A city's growth as its population increases
Intensification	Reduces urban sprawl by building up instead of out
Parasitism	Organism whose niche is dependant on a close association with a larger host organism
Ecological niche	Abiotic limiting factors and biotic relationships with other species ex brown bat with NO OBSTACLES
Ecological niche	Abiotic limiting factors and biotic relationships with other species ex brown bat with NO OBSTACLES
Bottom up	Shortage of plant resource at base causes a decline in higher trophic levels	Grasshopper and shrews
Ecological niche	Abiotic limiting factors and biotic relationships with other species ex brown bat with NO OBSTACLES
Bottom up	Shortage of plant resource at base causes a decline in higher trophic levels	Grasshopper and shrews
Top down	Prey effects the number of predators	Rabbits and coyotes
Ecological niche	Abiotic limiting factors and biotic relationships with other species ex brown bat with NO OBSTACLES
Bottom up	Shortage of plant resource at base causes a decline in higher trophic levels	Grasshopper and shrews
Top down	Prey effects the number of predators	Rabbits and coyotes
Dominant species	So abundant they have the largest biomass	Primary producers
Ecological niche	Abiotic limiting factors and biotic relationships with other species ex brown bat with NO OBSTACLES
Bottom up	Shortage of plant resource at base causes a decline in higher trophic levels	Grasshopper and shrews
Top down	Prey effects the number of predators	Rabbits and coyotes
Dominant species	So abundant they have the largest biomass	Primary producers
Keystone species	Greatly affects pop # and health of an exosystem	Sea otters
Ecological niche	Abiotic limiting factors and biotic relationships with other species ex brown bat with NO OBSTACLES
Bottom up	Shortage of plant resource at base causes a decline in higher trophic levels	Grasshopper and shrews
Top down	Prey effects the number of predators	Rabbits and coyotes
Dominant species	So abundant they have the largest biomass	Primary producers
Keystone species	Greatly affects pop # and health of an exosystem	Sea otters
Succession	The series if changes in an ecosystem thats occurs over time following a disturbance
Ecological niche	Abiotic limiting factors and biotic relationships with other species ex brown bat with NO OBSTACLES
Bottom up	Shortage of plant resource at base causes a decline in higher trophic levels	Grasshopper and shrews
Top down	Prey effects the number of predators	Rabbits and coyotes
Dominant species	So abundant they have the largest biomass	Primary producers
Keystone species	Greatly affects pop # and health of an exosystem	Sea otters
Succession	The series if changes in an ecosystem thats occurs over time following a disturbance	Beaver meadow for wolf packs
Ecosystem engineer	A species that causes such dramatic change to landscape that it creates a new ecosystem	Ex beaver and beaver meadow
Connectivity	Connecting between different ecosystems