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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What term describes the maximum population size that can be sustained for a particular environment?
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carrying capacity
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How will shrinking resources and unequal distribution to resources affect population dynamics?
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increased mortality; decreased fecundity
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__________ occurs when individuals use a common resource that is in short supply relative to the number seeking it.
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Competition
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__________ competition occurs among individuals of the same species.
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Intraspecific
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__________ competition occurs when growth and reproduction are depressed (lowered) equally across individuals as competition intensity increases.
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Scramble
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__________ competition occurs when some individuals claim enough resources while denying others a share.
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Contest
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___________ competition occurs when individuals indirectly interact with one another but affect the availability of shared resources.
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Exploitation
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__________ competition occurs when individuals directly interact and prevent others from occupying a habitat or accessing resources within it.
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Interference
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What is the progressive decline in density and decrease in growth of remaining individuals?
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self-thinning
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What two factors cause self-thinning?
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density-dependent mortality; population growth
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What factor is constantly occurring in populations, not just when population density is high?
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dispersal
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________ can relocate to habitats with more accessible resources and reduce the risk of inbreeding.
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Dispersers
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What age group of the population usually disperses when a population is faced with a lack of resources due to high population density?
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subadults (juveniles)
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What drives juveniles to disperse?
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adult aggression
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How is social rank established?
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fighting, bluffing, and threatening encounters
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What is the term that describes the area that an animal normally uses during a year?
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home range
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What term describes a core area of the home range which some species defend against others?
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territory
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What are some methods of territory defense?
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song and call (birds, frogs); spreading wings and tail (birds); baring fangs (mammals)
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What term describes the biological phenomenon in which an organism produces one or more biochemicals that influence the growth, survival, and reproduction of other organisms?
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allelopathy
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