Ecology Test 3: Chapter 16 Mutualism

Front 1

What term describes the relationship that is beneficial to both species involved?

Back 1

mutualism

Front 2

What classification of mutualists CANNOT survive or reproduce without the mutualistic interaction?

Back 2

obligate

Front 3

What classification of mutualists CAN survive without the mutualistic interaction?

Back 3

facultative

Front 4

What classification of mutualists have species-specific interactions?

Back 4

specialists

Front 5

What classification of mutualists have an association with a wide diversity of mutualistic partners?

Back 5

generalists

Front 6

What classification of mutualists are free-living?

Back 6

nonsymbiotic

Front 7

What classification of mutualists involve much more dependence (obligatory) and the species must live together as one?

Back 7

symbiotic

Front 8

What mutualistic relationship do coral and zooxanthellae have?

Back 8

symbiotic

Front 9

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Rhizobium) convert gaseous __________ from the atmosphere into a form of Nitrogen that plants can use.

Back 9

Nitrogen (N2)

Front 10

Many land plants rely on ________ relationships with fungi to provide them with inorganic compounds and trace elements.

Back 10

mycorrhizal

Front 11

__________ have formed associations with less than 70% of all plant species. Mycelia penetrate host root cells to form a finely bunched network (arbuscule).

Back 11

Endomycorrhizae

Front 12

__________ are associated with ~10% of plant species (most are woody). Mycelia penetrate between root cells and develop outside the root.

Back 12

Ectomycorrhizae

Front 13

_________ visit plants to exploit a source of food and inadvertently pick up pollen and carry it to the next plant they visit.

Back 13

Nectivores (usually generalists)

Front 14

___________ are plants that produce seeds with an ant-attracting food body on the seed coat.

Back 14

Myrmecochores

Front 15

__________ are fruit-eating animals and eat only the tissue around the seed.

Back 15

Frugivores

Front 16

Some plant seeds must actually be ________ by passage through the animal's digestive tract.

Back 16

scarified