Earth Science Test 1

Front 1

wearing away or grinding by friction

Back 1

abrasion

Front 2

water that flows back into the ocean after a wave has broken

Back 2

backwash

Front 3

triangular deposition of fine, fertile soil at the mouth of a river

Back 3

delta

Front 4

placement of weathered rock and sediment by erosion

Back 4

deposition

Front 5

process of dissolving

Back 5

dissolvation

Front 6

to pull, or move away from

Back 6

diverge

Front 7

transport and deposition of weathered rock

Back 7

erosion

Front 8

distance a wave travels

Back 8

fetch

Front 9

long, narrow bay created when ocean water fills a glaciated valley

Back 9

fjord

Front 10

layer of distinct soil

Back 10

horizon

Front 11

pyramidal peak formed when a glacier erodes a mountain on three or more sides

Back 11

horn

Front 12

area of weak crust where magma from the mantle seeps through

Back 12

hotspot

Front 13

chemical reaction involving ions in water

Back 13

hydrolysis

Front 14

weakening of oversaturated soil caused by seismic waves

Back 14

liquefaction

Front 15

made of small, light, and nutrient rich soil particles

Back 15

loamy

Front 16

downhill movement of rock and sediment caused by gravity

Back 16

mass wasting

Front 17

turn, bend, or wind in a river

Back 17

meander

Front 18

substance which enables the transport of weathered rock and sediment

Back 18

medium

Front 19

accumulation of unsorted rock and sediment deposited by a glacier

Back 19

moraine

Front 20

u-shaped lake formed by river erosion

Back 20

oxbow

Front 21

chemical reaction in which minerals are weakened by oxygen

Back 21

oxidation

Front 22

when wind lifts sediment off the ground and carries it a short distance

Back 22

saltation

Front 23

top layer of mineral and organic material on Earth's surface

Back 23

soil

Front 24

arrangements of horizons in a soil sample

Back 24

soil profile

Front 25

groove or scratch

Back 25

striation

Front 26

state in which small, light particles are mixed with, but not dissolved in, a fluid or solid

Back 26

suspension

Front 27

water that flows onto the shore after a wave has broken

Back 27

swash

Front 28

angular pile of broken rock found at the bottom of a mountain

Back 28

talus

Front 29

velocity at which sediment is deposited by wind

Back 29

terminal fall velocity

Front 30

velocity required to transport sediment by wind

Back 30

threshold velocity

Front 31

elevation and slope of land

Back 31

topography

Front 32

pulling and rolling of large rocks by water or wind

Back 32

traction

Front 33

series of destructive ocean waves caused by vibrations in Earth's crust

Back 33

tsunami

Front 34

breakdown and change of rocks and minerals over time

Back 34

weathering

Front 35

row of trees or shrubs used to reduce the force of wind

Back 35

windbreak