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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Mercator Projection
Definition, pros and cons |
Depicts Earth as if a large cylinder of paper had been wrapped around the planet.
Pro: shows whole earth on one continuous map. Con: distorts the size of the polar areas. |
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Gnomonic Projection
Definition, pros and cons |
Made as if sheet of paper had been laid on a point of the Earth's surface (the North Pole, for example).
Pro: acuratgely shows the shortest distance between two points. Good for planning air or sea trips. Con: distorts shapes away from the center point. |
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Polyconic Projection
Definition, pros and cons |
Made as if a cone of paper had been wrapped around the Earth. Lines of longitude and latitude are curved slightly.
Pro: most land faorms have their true shape and size in relation to each other. Good for mapping areas of land t hat fall in the middle latitudes of Earth (United States). Con: like all the others, the areas of the Earth farthest from the point where the paper touches the globe are distorted. |
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map
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A flat, two-dimensional respresentation of the Earth's surface.
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cartographer
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mapmaker
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projection
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a specific way of drawing a map; depicts various parts of the earth more accurately than others.
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hemisphere
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halves of the earth; north-south or east-west
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equator
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a latitude line
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prime meridian
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a longitude line;
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latitude
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circles the globe from east to west hemisphers (at the widest point of the Earth); latitude of Equator is 0 degrees. North Pole is 90 degrees North and South Pole is 90 degrees South.
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longitude
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a half circle that runs from north to south between the poles. Numbered from 0 degrees to 180 degreees east or west. Further divided by minutes (60' between two lines)
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map scale
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tells you how the map's features compare in size with Earth's surface. Can be a ratio, words, or line graph.
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radar
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A radio signal that bounces off objects it hits and is reflected back. Computers turn the data into images of the earth.
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false-color image
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A satellite image that uses bright colors like red, purple and yellow to make images of the earth. The bright colors are easier to read that the natural colors.
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GPS
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Global Positioning System. Uses computers and satellites for people to determine their position, speed and time any place, any time, any weather.
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GIS
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Computer system that can assemble, store, manipulate and display data identified by location.
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topographic map
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shows the topography of an area
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topography
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natural and human made surface features
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contour lines
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narrow brown lines that indicate elevation or sea level.
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contour interval
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the difference between two consecutive contour lines.
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slope
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steepness of the landscape
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magnetic declination
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the angle by which a compass needle will vary from true north.
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