E-Commerce

Front 1

access control

Back 1

Mechanism that determines who can
legitimately use a network resource.

Front 2

active tokens

Back 2

Small, stand-alone electronic devices that
generate one-time passwords used in a two-factor
authentication system.

Front 3

ad management

Back 3

Methodology and software that enable
organizations to perform a variety of activities involved
in Web advertising (e.g., tracking viewers, rotating ads).

Front 4

ad views

Back 4

The number of times users call up a page that has
a banner on it during a specific time period; known as
impressions or page views.

Front 5

Address Verification System (AVS)

Back 5

Detects fraud by
comparing the address entered on a Web page with the
address information on file with cardholder’s issuing bank.

Front 6

admediaries

Back 6

Third-party vendors that conduct promotions,
especially large-scale ones.

Front 7

advanced planning and scheduling (APS) systems

Back 7

Programs
that use algorithms to identify optimal solutions to
complex planning problems that are bound by constraints.

Front 8

advertising networks

Back 8

Specialized firms that offer customized
Web advertising, such as brokering ads and targeting
ads to select groups of consumers.

Front 9

advertorial

Back 9

An advertisement “disguised” to look like editorial
content or general information.

Front 10

affiliate marketing

Back 10

An arrangement whereby a marketing
partner (a business, an organization, or even an individual)
refers consumers to the selling company’s Web site.

Front 11

agency costs

Back 11

Costs incurred in ensuring that the agent performs
tasks as expected (also called administrative costs).

Front 12

agility

Back 12

An EC firm’s ability to capture, report, and quickly
respond to changes happening in the marketplace.

Front 13

angel investor

Back 13

A wealthy individual who contributes personal
funds and possibly expertise at the earliest stage of
business development.

Front 14

application service provider (ASP)

Back 14

An agent or vendor
who assembles the functions needed by enterprises
and packages them with outsourced development, operation,
maintenance, and other services.

Front 15

application-level proxy

Back 15

A firewall that permits requests
for Web pages to move from the public Internet to the
private network.

Front 16

associated ad display (text links)

Back 16

An advertising strategy
that displays a banner ad related to a term entered in
a search engine.

Front 17

attractors

Back 17

Web site features that attract and interact with
visitors in the target stakeholder group.

Front 18

auction

Back 18

A competitive process in which a seller solicits
consecutive bids from buyers (forward auctions) or a
buyer solicits bids from sellers (backward auctions).
Prices are determined dynamically by the bids.

Front 19

auction aggregators

Back 19

Companies that use software agents
to visit Web auction sites, find information, and deliver it
to users.

Front 20

auction vortals

Back 20

Another name for a vertical auction portal.

Front 21

auditing

Back 21

The process of collecting information about
attempts to access particular resources, use particular
privileges, or perform other security actions.

Front 22

authentication

Back 22

The process by which one entity verifies
that another entity is who he, she, or it claims to be.

Front 23

authorization

Back 23

The process that ensures that a person has
the right to access certain resources. With regards to
credit or debit cards, the process of determining whether
a buyer’s card is active and whether the customer has sufficient
funds.

Front 24

Automated Clearing House (ACH) Network

Back 24

A
nationwide batch-oriented electronic funds transfer system
that provides for the interbank clearing of electronic
payments for participating financial institutions.

Front 25

automatic crash notification (ACN)

Back 25

Device that automatically
sends the police the location of a vehicle that
has been involved in a crash.

Front 26

autoresponders

Back 26

Automated e-mail reply systems (text
files returned via e-mail) that provide answers to commonly
asked questions.

Front 27

avatars

Back 27

Animated computer characters that exhibit humanlike
movements and behaviors.

Front 28

average-cost curve (AVC)

Back 28

Behavior of average costs as
quantity changes; generally, as quantity increases, average
costs decline.

Front 29

B2B portals

Back 29

Information portals for businesses.

Front 30

back end

Back 30

The activities that support online order-taking.
It includes fulfillment, inventory management, purchasing
from suppliers, payment processing, packaging, and
delivery.