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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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DNA |
deoxyribonucleic acid the code stored in the hereditary of a cell contains info for organism growth and function when cells with a nucleus divide,DNA code is copied and pasted onto the new cell it is a strand rapped around in the nucleus of a cell |
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DNA model |
looks like a twisted ladder the sides are made up of sugar and phosphate molecules deoxyribose=sugar molecules adenine=A guanine=G cytosine=C thymine=T A and T are together g AND C are together |
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coping DNA |
When chromosomes make duplicates of them selves before mitosis or meiosis The DNA in the nucleus doubles Enzymes then unzip the DNA strands which separate and find a new partner to join up with to keep their acid bases in the same original order |
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Proteins |
help or work as enzymes and build cells and tissues |
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Genes |
Contain instructions for specific protein are on a section of a DNA chromosomes in the nucleus Each chromosome have hundreds of genes proteins are made of chains of hundreds of amino acids changing order o amino acid makes different protein
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making proteins |
genes in the nucleus proteins are made on ribosomes in the cytoplasm genes give the instructions to the RNA, which travels to the nucleus to tell it what type of protein it is |
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RNA |
made in the nucleus in a DNA pattern looks like a ladder cut in half contains ADENINE,GUANANINE,CYTOSINE,THYMINE but uracil pairs with adenine thymine still pairs with adenine |
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proteins are made when... |
three kinds of RNA work together mRNA:messenger, rRNA ribosome attaches with the mRNA and creates half of the protein tRNA:Transfer, attaches to the ribosome and finishes the protein to be moved to where it is needed |
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controlling genes |
cells only make the types of proteins they need to function muscles cells help muscles move eye cells gives color to iris The DNA is twisted so tight so RNA can not get in,can also turn some genes on or off. |
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mutations |
mistakes- permanent changes in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome because it did not copy exactly Xray sunlight and chemicals can cause mutations if mutations occur in haploid cels the offspring will be effected some mutations can be harmful and some can be deadly |
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adenine and thymine |
A and T |
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guanine and cytosine |
G and C |
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thymine |
t |
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adenine |
a |
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cytosine |
c |
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guanine |
g |
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uracil |
partners with a in RNA |
