DNA is a molecule consisting of hereditary material, and is present in almost all organisms. DNA has four nitrogenous bases that make up codes: adenine (A), cytosine(C), guanine(G), and thymine(T). The sequences of these chemical bases determine what information is present to create specific amino acids. The structure of DNA is similar to a twisting ladder and consists of paired bases (A to T, C to G), phosphate molecules, and sugar molecules. DNA is important because it instructs an organism's cell to produce certain amino acids for proteins, determined by the sequence of base pairs. DNA also contains genetic material that can guide the processes of the cell. In addition, DNA can replicate itself, making cell division possible. James
…show more content…
Universities across the United States partnered with people in the United Kingdom, Japan, France, China, and Germany to achieve this goal. The Human Genome Project officially started in 1990 and was completed in 2003. During that time, scientists worked on deciphering the human genome by creating maps that showed the locations of specific genes. Scientists also determined the order of all the bases, A, C, G, T, in the DNA of the human genome. Since the Human Genome Project was completed, scientists and researchers have been able to further their knowledge and research efforts. As more information is discovered in regard to the human genome, fields like biotechnology, medicine, and life sciences will be able to move forward and …show more content…
This process is called Genetic Engineering (GE) or Genetic Modification (GM) and the organisms created are called "transgenic" organisms. One example of a genetically modified organism is the paper tree, created by Swiss researchers. This plant was created because of the massive loss of trees to fill the need for paper, and can be used like recycled paper when left out to dry. If enough of these trees are cultivated, the consumption of trees for paper could significantly decrease. The lemur cat is also a genetically modified organism, and was created by Chinese researchers. This organism was created to be an exotic pet, serving as a symbol of wealth in Chinese
Universities across the United States partnered with people in the United Kingdom, Japan, France, China, and Germany to achieve this goal. The Human Genome Project officially started in 1990 and was completed in 2003. During that time, scientists worked on deciphering the human genome by creating maps that showed the locations of specific genes. Scientists also determined the order of all the bases, A, C, G, T, in the DNA of the human genome. Since the Human Genome Project was completed, scientists and researchers have been able to further their knowledge and research efforts. As more information is discovered in regard to the human genome, fields like biotechnology, medicine, and life sciences will be able to move forward and …show more content…
This process is called Genetic Engineering (GE) or Genetic Modification (GM) and the organisms created are called "transgenic" organisms. One example of a genetically modified organism is the paper tree, created by Swiss researchers. This plant was created because of the massive loss of trees to fill the need for paper, and can be used like recycled paper when left out to dry. If enough of these trees are cultivated, the consumption of trees for paper could significantly decrease. The lemur cat is also a genetically modified organism, and was created by Chinese researchers. This organism was created to be an exotic pet, serving as a symbol of wealth in Chinese