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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the monomer of DNA? |
Nucleotide |
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Whats the polymer? |
Nucleic acid |
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What 3 components make dna? |
Phosphate group Organic base Deoxyribose |
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What forms nucleic acids? |
Thousands of nucleotides link to form a long chain |
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Where is the phosphate sugar link? |
From the phosphate of one molecule to the sugar of another. |
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What type of bond is it? |
Covalent |
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What does it make? |
The backbone |
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Name the 4 organic bases? |
Adenine Thymine Cytosine Guanine |
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What does DNA consist of? |
DNA consists of 2 parallel strands held together by hydrogen bonding |
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What do the strands fold into? |
Double helix |
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What are the pairs? |
Purine pairs with pyrimidine. |
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Which are pyrimidine? |
Thymine Cytosine |
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Which are purines? |
Adenine Guanine |
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How many rings does purine have? |
2 |
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How many rings to pyrimidines have? |
1 |
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What are the complimentary base pairs? |
Adenine and thymine Cytosine and guanine |
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Whats the name for 3 base pairs? |
Codon |
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What does it do? |
Code for an amino acid |
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How can a change in the base sequence lead to an enzyme not functioning? |
-DNA base sequence codes for sequence and number of amino acids. -changing in hydrogen, ionic and disulphide bonds. -leading to change in tertiary structure/ active site -substrate unable to bind/no enzyme substrate complexes formed |
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What does DNA do? |
Dna controls the activity of a cell by coding for polypeptides and proteins |
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Whats a gene? |
A section of DNA that codes for a particular polypeptide or protein. |
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Whats an allele? |
Different forms of the game gene |
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What does a large amount of DNA actually not do? |
Actually code for polypeptides |
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Whats between genes? |
Mini-satellite regions |
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What does it contain? |
A core sequence of bases which is repeated a number of times |
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Whats an intron? |
Non coding dna |
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Whats the method of dna replication called? |
Semi conservative |
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Why? |
Each new DNA molecule contains one new strand of the original and one new strand |
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Stage one of DNA replication? |
An enzyme with DNA helicase attaches to the DNA and moves alkng the molecule breaking the hydrogen bonds between the complimentary bases |
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Step 2? |
Strand separate |
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Stage 3? |
Individual free DNA nucleotides now base pair with the exposed bases on the 2 separating DNA strands. |
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Step 4? |
The enzyme DNA polymerase now connects the new nucleotides together by forming the sugar phosphate links along the chain. |
