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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What occurs when molecules that are too big to cross the plasma membranes and they're broken up to their unit molecules? What are these molecules? Why does it break it down?
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Hydorlysis, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, so it can cross plasma membranes
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What are the unit submolecules of:
Carbohydrates proteins fatty acids and glycerol? |
Carbs-->Glucose
Lipids-->Glycerol and fatty acid Proteins-->Amino Acids Nucleic acids-->nucleotide |
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What is folic acid? How much is recommended to take for adults and pregnant women daily? What does it help decrease?
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one of the B-complex vitamins; essential for production of RBC's and parts of the nervous system, and the synthesis of DNA. Adults: 400 micrograms Pregnant women: 800 mcg daily, heart disease, cancer and genetic damage.
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The nutrients made available by digetive processes are carried by the blood to what?
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Our cells
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What is the thick semifluid mass of partly digested food that is passed from the stomach to the small intestine?
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Chyme
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What is absorptions?
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Occurs as subunit molecules produced by digestion cross the wall fo the GI tract and enter the cells lining the tract.
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what protects the wall from the digestive enzymes inside the lumen?
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The mucosa
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What do glands in the mucosa of the mouth, stomach, and small intestine release?
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Digestive enzymes
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What is produce dby glands in teh mucosa of the stomach?
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Hydrochloric acid
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What is a condition in which portions of the mucosa literally have pushed through the outer layers and formed pouches, where food can collect?
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Diverticulosis
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Which layer of the GI tract would be involved with diverticulosis?
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mucosa
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Which layer of the GI tract would be involved with Peyer's patches?
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submucosa
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What layer of the GI tract contains BV's, Lymphatic vessels, and nerves?
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submucosal layer
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What layer of the GI tract is associated with IBD? What is it?
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Inflammatory bowel disease
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What is the 3rd layer of the GI tract? Why is it called this, and how many layers does this contain?
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muscularis, circular layer and a longitudinal layer
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What layer of the GI tract is associate dwith IBS?
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irritable bowel syndrome,
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What is the fourth layer of the GI tract? And what does it secrete?
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Serous membrane layer, which secretes a serous fluid
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What can block the appendix and cause appendicitis?
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Fecolith
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What is appendix filled with?
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bacteria, reservoir for beneficial bacteria. Repopulates starter culture c-culture normal flora
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What contributes to teh red protion of the lips?
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poorly keratinized, and allows blood to show through
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What is at the end of the soft palate?
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A dangling mass of soft tissue called the uvula
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What does saliva contain and why?
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mucus and water that contains bicarbonate and an enzyme called salivary amylase that converts starch to maltose.
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what does the enzyme of saliva do?
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converts the substrate starch to the product maltose
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What is tooth decay called?
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dental caries
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