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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In what CATEGORY is DEOXYRIBONUCLEASE
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ENZYME
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In what CATEGORY is BILE
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FAT EMULSIFIER
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In what CATEGORY is AMYLASE
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ENZYME
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In what CATEGORY is TRYPSIN
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ENZYME
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In what CATEGORY is INTRINSIC FACTOR
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PROTEIN
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In what CATEGORY is HCl
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ACID
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In what CATEGORY is PEPSIN
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ENZYME
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In what CATEGORY is CARBOXYPEPTIDASE
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ENZYME
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In what CATEGORY is AMINOPEPTIDASE
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ENZYME
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In what CATEGORY is GASTRIN
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HORMONE
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In what CATEGORY is LIPASE
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ENZYME
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In what CATEGORY is LEPTIN
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HORMONE
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In what CATEGORY is SECRETIN
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HORMONE
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In what CATEGORY is ELASTASE
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ENZYME
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In what CATEGORY is CHYMOTRYPSIN
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ENZYME
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In what CATEGORY is GIP
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HORMONE
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In what CATEGORY is CHOLECYSTOKININ (CCK)
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HORMONE
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In what CATEGORY is ENTEROKINASE
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ENZYME
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In what CATEGORY is RIBONUCLEASE
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ENZYME
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...DEOXYRIBONUCLEASE
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PANCREAS
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...BILE
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LIVER (Gall bladder is for storage only)
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...AMYLASE
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** SALIVARY GLANDS ** AND PANCREAS
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...TRYPSIN
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PANCREAS
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...INTRINSIC FACTOR
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STOMACH
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...HCl
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STOMACH
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...PEPSIN
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STOMACH
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...CARBOXYPEPTIDASE
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PANCREAS
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...AMINOPEPTIDASE
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SMALL INTESTINE
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...GASTRIN
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SMALL INTESTINE **AND** STOMACH
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...LIPASE
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PANCREAS
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...LEPTIN
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ADIPOCYTES (FAT CELLS)
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...SECRETIN
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SMALL INTESTINE
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...ELASTASE
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PANCREAS
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...CHYMOTRYPSIN
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PANCREAS
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...GIP
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SMALL INTESTINE
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...CHOLECYSTOKININ (CCK)
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SMALL INTESTINE
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...ENTEROKINASE
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SMALL INTESTINE
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Where is SYNTHESIS of ...RIBONUCLEASE
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PANCREAS
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What is the FUNCTION of …DEOXYRIBONUCLEASE?
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DEOXYRIBONUCLEASE breaks down DNA into nucleotides
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What is the FUNCTION of …BILE?
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BILE has function of EMULSIFYING (SOLUBILIZING) FAT
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What is the FUNCTION of …AMYLASE?
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AMYLASE breaks down polysaccarides to disaccharides
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What is the FUNCTION of …TRYPSIN?
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TRYPSIN breaks down polypeptides into peptides
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What is the FUNCTION of …INTRINSIC FACTOR?
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INTRINSIC FACTOR allows VIT B12 to be absorbed in the small intestine
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What is the FUNCTION of …HCl? (2)
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HCl CONVERTS pepsinogen (in the stomach) into pepsin *AND* breaks down connective tissue in foods
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What is the FUNCTION of …PEPSIN?
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PEPSIN breaks down proteins into polypeptides
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What is the FUNCTION of …CARBOXY-PEPTIDASE?
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CARBOXY-PEPTIDASE breaks down PEPTIDES into amino acids
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What is the FUNCTION of …AMINO-PEPTIDASE?
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AMINO-PEPTIDASE breaks down PEPTIDES into amino acids
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What is the FUNCTION of …GASTRIN? (2 …)
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GASTRIN stimulates gastric secretion and motility, and **Intestinal motility"
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What is the FUNCTION of …LIPASE?
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LIPASE breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids, monoglycerides
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What is the FUNCTION of …LEPTIN? (2…)
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LEPTIN ==> CONTROLS food intake and metabolic rate
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What is the FUNCTION of … SECRETIN?
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SECRETIN stimulates secretion of bicarbonate buffers from pancreas, liver
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What is the FUNCTION of …ELASTASE?
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ELASTASE breaks down polypeptides into peptides
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What is the FUNCTION of …CHYMOTRYPSIN?
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CHYMOTRYPSIN breaks down polypeptides into peptides
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What is the FUNCTION of …GIP?
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GIP stimulates **INSULIN** secretion
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What is the FUNCTION of … CHOLECYSTOKININ? (2)
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CHOLECYSTOKININ INHIBITS gastric activities, causes release of bile and pancreatic juice
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What is the FUNCTION of …ENTERO-KINASE? (2…)
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ENTERO-KINASE CONVERTS the TRYPSINOGEN in the S.I. (entero) into TRYPSIN, & TRYPSIN activates other pancr proteases
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What is the FUNCTION of …RIBONUCLEASE?
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RIBONUCLEASE breaks down RNA into nucleotides
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Name 3 digestive substances that are neither enzymes nor hormones.
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Bile (fat emulsifier), HCl (acid), Intrinsic Factor (protein)
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Name the digestive enzymes that DO NOT end in "-ase".
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Pepsin, Trypsin, Chymotrypsin - "sin" endings.
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How many digestive enzymes are considered? How many are synthzd in the stomach? small intestine? pancreas? liver? salivary glands? gall bladder? in fat cells?
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11 digestive enzymes; stomach ; small intestine 2; pancreas 8; liver 0, as does the salivary glands, gall bladder and fat cells.
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Name the enzyme synthesized in the stomach.
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PEPSIN is synthesized in the stomach.
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Name two NON-enzymes synthesized in the stomach.
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HCl (acid) and Intrinsic Factor (protein)
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What digestive substance is synthesized in the liver? What kind of substance is it? What is its function?
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Bile (fat emulsifier) is synthesized in the liver. Bile functions to break APART the flat globs into small fat droplets in order to be absorbed by the cells; to emulsify = to solubilize
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Describe protein break down:
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Proteins -> PEPSIN -> Polypeptides -> TRYPSIN, CHYMOTRYPSIN, ELASTASE ->Peptides -> CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, AMINOPEPTIDASE -> Amino Acids
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Name two digestive enzymes that are synthesized in the small intestine, and describe their function.
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(1) Aminopeptidase; enzyme synth in S.I.; breaks down peptides into amino acids.
(2) EnTerokinase; enzyme synth in S.I.; CONVERTS Trypsinogen into Trypsin |
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Name 3 substances that act on polypeptides; state site of synthesis.
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Trypsin, Chymotrypsin and Elastase breakdown polypeptides into peptides. All are synthesized in the pancreas.
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What substance acts directly on proteins? Where and why?
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Pepsinogen breaks down proteins into polypeptides; is activated by HCl in stomach.
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What substance controls food intake?
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Leptin - HORMONE - synth in adipocytes. Also controls metabolic rate.
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Adipocytes synthesize _________ which functions to ___________ & _________ .
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Leptin (hormone); control food intake and control metabolic rate.
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Salivary glands contain ___________ which functions to _________. Where else does this substance function in the same manner?
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Amylase (enzyme) is synthesized in the salivary glands AND the pancreas, and breaksdown polysaccarides into disaccarides. ONLY enzyme for sugars.
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Name the 4 different substances in the stomach,and state their function:
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(1) HCl -converts pepsinogen into pepsin; (2) Pepsin -breaks protns into polypeptides; (3) Intrinsic Factor-allows Vit B12 absbtn; (4) GASTRIN -STIM gastric secrtn/motily, & intest motity.
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Enzymes (verb); Hormones (3 verbs);
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breakdown; stimulate or inhibit or regulate (control);
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Give details re: two substances that function as activators:
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(1) HCl - acid - activates = converts Pepsinogen into Pepsin in the stomach (2) EnTerokinase - enzyme - activates = converts Trypsinogen into Trypsin in the small intestine
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Name the enzymes synthesized in the pancreas:
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(8)Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, Elastase, Carboxypeptidase, Lipase, Amylase, Ribonuclease, Deoxyribonuclease
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Name the hormones and their site of synthesis:
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(5) Leptin - adipocytes; Gastrin - stomach and small intestine; GIP - S.I.; CCK - S.I.; Secretin - S.I.;
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Name the inhibitory hormone, its site of synthesis, give details re: functions (2)
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CCK - chole-cysto-kinin; small intestine; INHIBITS gastric activity and causes release of bile and pancreatic juice into duodenum to raise the pH of the chyme
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GIP is what? does what? and where?
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GIP - hormone - stimulates INSULIN release - small intestine
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Secretin is what? does what? where?
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Secretin - hormone - small intestine - stimulates secretion of bicarbonate buffers from the pancreas and the liver
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How are nucleotides involved in the digestive process?
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(1) RNA is broken down into nucleotides in the small intestine by ribonuclease (enzyme) and (2) DNA is broken down into nucleotides in the small intestine by deoxyribonuclease (enzyme).
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State *specific* function of lipase:
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LiPase - enzyme - breaksdown tryglycerides into fatty acids and monoglycerides in the Pancreas
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