Dev. Psych Unit 2

Front 1

True/False Infants develop behavioral schemes while children develop mental schemes

Back 1

True

Front 2

Assimilation

Back 2

A cognitive process where individuals use existing schemes to deal with new information or experiences

Front 3

Accommodation

Back 3

The cognitive process where individuals adjust old schemes to fit new information

Front 4

What is a child’s motivation for change according to Piaget?

Back 4

An internal search for equilibrium

Front 5

What do Piaget’s stages sginify

Back 5

Qualitative differences in cognition

Front 6

What are the order of Piaget’s stages

Back 6

Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete, formal

Front 7

Why is object permeance important?

Back 7

It means that infants are able to mentally represent objects that are not physically present

Front 8

Centration

Back 8

Centering attention on one characteristic of an object or concept to the exclusion of all others

Front 9

What concept characterized the concert op stage?

Back 9

Logic replaces intuition if it can be applied to a visible example

Front 10

Concrete operation

Back 10

A reversible mental action on a real object

Front 11

True/False many American Adults never become formal op thinkers

Back 11

True

Front 12

Adolescent egocentrism is characterized by a

Back 12

Heightened self consciousness

Front 13

True/False the imaginary audience is to preoccupation with self as the personal fable is to uniqueness of self

Back 13

True

Front 14

What phrase best characterized cognitive development according to Piaget

Back 14

Children construct their own understanding of how the world works

Front 15

True/False Vygots believed that children do NOT construct their own view of the world

Back 15

FALSE Vygotsky believed that children do

Front 16

Piaget is to social world as Vygotsky is to

Back 16

Social interaction

Front 17

Zone of Proximal development

Back 17

The range of tasks too difficult for a child to master alone but can be learned with assistance and guidance

Front 18

Scaffolding

Back 18

Changing the level of support in the ZPD

Front 19

According to William Perry, adult thinking is

Back 19

Reflective and relativistic

Front 20

What is the information processing approach to cognitive development mainly concerned with?

Back 20

How people manipulate monitor and manage information

Front 21

According to siegler, which tree mechanisms work together to create changes in children’s cognitive skills

Back 21

Encoding, automatization and strategy construction

Front 22

Encoding

Back 22

The process in which information gets into memory

Front 23

Automaticity

Back 23

Where actions that require deliberate coordination of mental processes eventually become near effortless

Hint 23

Driving a car

Front 24

Strategy construction

Back 24

The creation of a new procedure for processing information

Front 25

Metacognition

Back 25

Knowing about knowing

Front 26

Episodic memory?

Back 26

Memory about life events

Front 27

Semantic memory

Back 27

General academic or field of expertise knowledge

Front 28

What is the process of manipulating and transforming information in memory called?

Back 28

Thinking

Front 29

What two concepts help us to simplify and organize information

Back 29

Concepts and categories

Front 30

Critical thinking

Back 30

Identifying and formulating questions and organizing thoughts

Front 31

What aids in making an effective strategy become automatic?

Back 31

Practice

Front 32

Theory of mind

Back 32

The awareness of ones own mental processes and the mental processes of others

Front 33

What are the current areas of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test

Back 33

Quantitative reasoning, visual-spatial reasoning, working memory

Front 34

IQ scores should be considered with caution because

Back 34

Scores can lead to false expectations and stereotyping

Front 35

True/False Sternberg and Gardner are similar because the both consider intelligence to be multiple factored

Back 35

True

Front 36

True/False Information processing theorists believe that individuals develop a gradually increasing capacity for processing information

Back 36

True

Front 37

What are the three types of intelligence in Sternbergs Triarchich theory?

Back 37

Analytical, practical, and creative

Front 38

Emotional intelligence

Back 38

A term used to describe the ability to perceive, express, understand, and use feelings

Front 39

True/False Abstract reasoning, the capacity to acquire knowledge and problem-solving ability comprises general intelligence according to Brody

Back 39

True

Front 40

When did processing speed begin to decline according to the Seattle longitudinal study?th

Back 40

Middle Adulthood

Front 41

The processing of irrelevant information decreases rapidly during

Back 41

Adolescence

Front 42

Encoding, storage and retrieval are the three processes necessary for what?

Back 42

Memory

Front 43

True/False, infants can remember detailed actions and contexts, such as specific mobiles above their cribs inf

Back 43

True

Front 44

What is infantile/childhood amnesia?

Back 44

The phenomenon in which most adults don’t remember much from their first three years of life

Front 45

How long can information remain in short term memory without rehearsal?

Back 45

About 30 seconds

Front 46

True/False working memory is active in modifying information for decision making and problem solving

Back 46

True

Front 47

Explicit memory is to declarative memory as implicit memory is to?

Back 47

Procedural memory

Front 48

The Flynn effect

Back 48

The influence of environmental factors in the rapidly increasing IQ test scores around the world

Front 49

Creativity

Back 49

The ability to think about something in novel and unusual ways and to come up with uniques solutions to problems

Front 50

Divergent Thinking

Back 50

Thinking that produces many answers to the same questions

Front 51

True/False Telegraphic speech is characterized by short precise words without grammatical markers

Back 51

True

Front 52

True/False Children who enter elementary school with a small vocabulary are at risk for developing reading problems according to Berninger

Back 52

True

Front 53

What have cross cultural studies found about practical and academic intelligence

Back 53

They develop independently and may even conflict with one another

Front 54

True/False many intelligence tests are biased because they reflect the cultures if some test takers more than others

Back 54

True

Front 55

True/False Family structure is an important part of a culturally fair test

Back 55

False

Front 56

True/False Based on the Fagan year of infant intelligence, an intelligent infant can be characterized as one who gets bored with familiar information quickly and seeks out novel info

Back 56

True

Front 57

True/False crystallized intelligence increased throughout the life span according to John Horn

Back 57

True

Front 58

Fluid intelligience begins to decline in middle adulthood according to

Back 58

John Horn

Front 59

Organic disability

Back 59

Intellectual disability that is caused by a genetic disorder or brain damage

Front 60

Cross familia intellectual disability normally results in

Back 60

Mild disability

Front 61

Innate ability, family support, years of training and practice characterize what intellectual phenomena

Back 61

Giftedness

Front 62

The Flynn effect

Back 62

The influence of environmental factors in the rapidly increasing IQ test scores around the world

Front 63

Creativity

Back 63

The ability to think about something in novel and unusual ways and to come up with uniques solutions to problems

Front 64

Divergent Thinking

Back 64

Thinking that produces many answers to the same questions

Front 65

True/False Telegraphic speech is characterized by short precise words without grammatical markers

Back 65

True

Front 66

True/False Children who enter elementary school with a small vocabulary are at risk for developing reading problems according to Berninger

Back 66

True

Front 67

What have cross cultural studies found about practical and academic intelligence

Back 67

They develop independently and may even conflict with one another

Front 68

True/False many intelligence tests are biased because they reflect the cultures if some test takers more than others

Back 68

True

Front 69

True/False Family structure is an important part of a culturally fair test

Back 69

False

Front 70

True/False Based on the Fagan year of infant intelligence, an intelligent infant can be characterized as one who gets bored with familiar information quickly and seeks out novel info

Back 70

True

Front 71

True/False crystallized intelligence increased throughout the life span according to John Horn

Back 71

True

Front 72

Fluid intelligience begins to decline in middle adulthood according to

Back 72

John Horn

Front 73

Organic disability

Back 73

Intellectual disability that is caused by a genetic disorder or brain damage

Front 74

Cross familia intellectual disability normally results in

Back 74

Mild disability

Front 75

Innate ability, family support, years of training and practice characterize what intellectual phenomena

Back 75

Giftedness

Front 76

The Flynn effect

Back 76

The influence of environmental factors in the rapidly increasing IQ test scores around the world

Front 77

Creativity

Back 77

The ability to think about something in novel and unusual ways and to come up with uniques solutions to problems

Front 78

Divergent Thinking

Back 78

Thinking that produces many answers to the same questions

Front 79

True/False Telegraphic speech is characterized by short precise words without grammatical markers

Back 79

True

Front 80

True/False Children who enter elementary school with a small vocabulary are at risk for developing reading problems according to Berninger

Back 80

True

Front 81

What have cross cultural studies found about practical and academic intelligence

Back 81

They develop independently and may even conflict with one another

Front 82

True/False many intelligence tests are biased because they reflect the cultures if some test takers more than others

Back 82

True

Front 83

True/False Family structure is an important part of a culturally fair test

Back 83

False

Front 84

True/False Based on the Fagan year of infant intelligence, an intelligent infant can be characterized as one who gets bored with familiar information quickly and seeks out novel info

Back 84

True

Front 85

True/False crystallized intelligence increased throughout the life span according to John Horn

Back 85

True

Front 86

Fluid intelligience begins to decline in middle adulthood according to

Back 86

John Horn

Front 87

Organic disability

Back 87

Intellectual disability that is caused by a genetic disorder or brain damage

Front 88

Cross familia intellectual disability normally results in

Back 88

Mild disability

Front 89

Innate ability, family support, years of training and practice characterize what intellectual phenomena

Back 89

Giftedness

Front 90

What type of parents talked less to their children, talked less about past events, and provided less elaboration according to Hart and Risley

Back 90

Welfare Parents

Front 91

True/False The tip of the tongue phenomenon becomes readily apparent in late adulthood

Back 91

True

Front 92

What is the Wernickes area of the brain responsible for

Back 92

Language comprehension

Front 93

What does Chomsky’s language acquisition device suggest?

Back 93

Humans are biologically prewired to learn language at a certain time in a certain way

Front 94

True/False Language acquisition is facilitated by caregivers

Back 94

True

Front 95

Behaviorists believe that language is a

Back 95

Complex learned skill

Front 96

True/False parents often use the redirecting strategy to teach language

Back 96

False

Front 97

True/False child direct speech is automatic, spoken in a higher pitch with simpler words and sentences and captures the infants attention while maintains attention

Back 97

True