Derm Pics: Hair And Nails

Front 1

Back 1

Longitudinal section of hair follicle

Front 2

Back 2

Cross section of hair follicle at the level of the isthumus - dark spot is root of hair left in follicle

Front 3

Back 3

Hypertrichosis

Front 4

(not the rash)

Back 4

Hirsutism (with razor burn)

Front 5

also, causes?

Back 5

male hormone excess (idiopathic or from hormone secreting tumors) or steroid medications

Front 6

Back 6

Ludwig grade I hair loss in women
note: thinning of hair on the frontal vertex of the scalp

Front 7

Back 7

Ludwig grade II hair loss in women
note: thinning and loss of hair on the frontal vertex of the scalp

Front 8

Back 8

Ludwig grade III hair loss in women
note: intact frontal hair

Front 9

Back 9

Allopecia areata
note: oval shaped, smooth patch of hypopigmentation and hair loss

Front 10

Back 10

Allopecia areata
note: smooth patches of hair loss

Front 11

Back 11

Allopecia areata
note: see white hairs - it affects the dark hairs preferentially (going grey overnight is what this is - dark hairs fall out and only left with light ones - when hairs grow back in they are usually white)

Front 12

also, mechanistic cause

Back 12

Telogen Effluvium caused by early entry of the hair into the telogen phase
note: diffuse hair loss over the entire scalp

Front 13

also, mechanistic cause

Back 13

Anagen Effluvium caused when hair is lost in the anagen phase (never enters telogen phase)
note: total hair loss on the scalp with sparing of the eyebrows

Front 14

also, typical hair type and mechanistic cause

Back 14

Uncombable hair
usually "spun glass" looking blonde hair caused by longitudinal grooves in the hair shaft with or without fragility

Front 15

Back 15

Trichorrhexis
note: shaft is totally broken, looks like two broom stick ends

Front 16

Back 16

Trichoschisis
note: shaft is damaged but not totally broken

Front 17

Back 17

Trichorrhexis Invaginata "bamboo hair" - occurs sporadically or as a marker in Netherton's syndromes

Front 18

also, mechanistic cause

Back 18

Scarring form of allopecia - destroyed hair follicle is replaced with scar tissue because of inflammation

Front 19

Back 19

Scarring form of allopecia
note: scaley appearance over area of hair loss

Front 20

Back 20

scarring allopecia of lichen planopilaris type
note: well-defined area of purple-coloured, itchy, flat-topped papules with interspersed lacy white lines indicates the lichen type

Front 21

describe. also, associated disease

Back 21

lifting of the nail plate from the edge of the finger (onycholysis), pitting, dark spots - seen in psoriasis

Front 22

also, associated diseases

Back 22

Clubbing
Associated with pulmonary disease - when acute, heralds the onset on lung cancer

Front 23

Back 23

acute perionychia - periungual skin infection (usually bacterial)

Front 24

Back 24

acute perionychia
note: lifting of sides of the nails from the nail bed because of underlying scar tissue indicates a chronic infection

Front 25

Back 25

tetracycline induced photo onycholysis
note: presence of lifting without involvement of cuticles/ signs of infection indicates drug/sun induced

Front 26

Back 26

tetracycline induced photo onycholysis
note: presence of lifting without involvement of cuticles/ signs of infection indicates drug/sun induced

Front 27

describe and probable cause

Back 27

hyperkeratotic nails and skin around nails = fungal infection

Front 28

also, indication

Back 28

Terry's nails = half moon sliver color goes up the nail with "ground glass" appearance
silver going far up the nail indicates liver damage

Front 29

also, indication

Back 29

Terry's nails = half moon sliver color goes up the nail with "ground glass" appearance
silver going half way up the nail indicates kidney damage

Front 30

also, how long does it take for the nail to grow ou

Back 30

Bow's lines (indentations) indicate when an illness has occurred - it takes 6 months for a nail to grow all the way out

Front 31

Back 31

Bow's lines (indentations) indicate when an illness has occurred

Front 32

also, indication

Back 32

splinter hemorrhage - indicates bacterial endocarditis
note - this can also happen from trauma but would not involve all nails

Front 33

Back 33

periungual telangiectasia - dermatomyositis

Front 34

Back 34

dermatomyositis
note: patchy violaceous and dusky red rash with bluish-purple discolorations

Front 35

most likely cause

Back 35

almost always melanoma - spreads to periungual skin and skin around fingernail

Front 36

most likely cause

Back 36

almost always melanoma - spreads to periungual skin and skin around fingernail