Skin Hair And Nails- Pt Dx And Eval

Front 1

locate dermis, epidermis and subcutaneous layer

Back 1

Front 2

nail structure: identify nail bed, nail plate, proximal fold, lateral fold, free edge, lunula

Back 2

Front 3

fx of skin

Back 3

protective barrier, keeping outside contaminants out and also keeping homeostasis within (i.e. preventing against water loss)

Front 4

fx of hair

Back 4

protection and insulation, also perform sensory function

Front 5

fx of nails

Back 5

protect the distal ends of the fingers and toes

Front 6

list in order the steps for performing an exam of skin, hair and nails

Back 6

1) visually inspect and palpate hair
2) separate hair with q tip to inspect scalp
3) inspect skin of face and neck, upper chest and expremities
4) inspect skin of hands, inspect nail beds and nail plates and capillary refill
5) inspect skin of upper back
6) have pt lie down, inspect skin of lower chest, abdomen, and lower extremities
7) inspect skin of feet and toenails
8) have patient roll onto their side and inspect skin on lower back, gluteal and perianal area, and backs of lower extremities
9) if indicated perform inspection with woods lamp

Front 7

purpose of visually inspecting and palpating the hair

Back 7

hair texture can change with certain diseases and different diseases can show different patterns of hair loss

Front 8

purpose for separating hair with q tip to inspect scalp:

Back 8

skin lesions can be hidden by hair and without this inspection could go unnoticed

Front 9

purpose for separating hair with q tip to inspect scalp:

Back 9

skin lesions can be hidden by hair and without this inspection could go unnoticed

Front 10

Back 10

beau's nails

Front 11

Back 11

clubbing

Front 12

Back 12

excoriation

Front 13

Back 13

fissure

Front 14

Back 14

hirsutism: increased hair growth in a male pattern from increased androgen activity in a female

Front 15

Back 15

Koilonychias- [spoon nails] thinning of nail plate seen in anemia

Front 16

Back 16

Lichenification; thickened exaggerations of the skin folds

Front 17

Back 17

Macule: flat lesion, <1cm in size

Front 18

Back 18

nodule: solid raised lesion that is deeper and firmer than a papule; 0.5 to 2cm in size

Front 19

Back 19

Papule: solid, raised lesion, <0.5cm in size

Front 20

Back 20

Paronychia: inflammation of the tissues adjacent to the nail of a finger or toe usually accompanied by infection and pus formation

Front 21

Back 21

purpura: extravasion of blood into the skin from the vessels

Front 22

Back 22

Pustule: lesion filled with white pus

Front 23

Back 23

splinter hemorrhage

Front 24

Back 24

terry's nails: The condition is thought to be due to a decrease in vascularity and an increase in connective tissue within the nail bed.[3] It frequently occurs in the setting of hepatic failure, cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, hyperthyroidism, and/or malnutrition.

Front 25

Back 25

Ulcer: deeper loss of of all skin layers and deeper tissue

Front 26

Back 26

urticaria, hives (wheal)

Front 27

Back 27

HFM disease/ Vesicle: filled with clear, serous fluid, <0.5 cm in size

Front 28

reason to inspect skin of face and neck, upper chest and expremities

Back 28

check for changes in coloration or lesions, moisture, temp, texture, mobility and turgor

Front 29

reason to inspect skin of hands, inspect nail beds and nail plates and capillary refill:

Back 29

check for turgor on hands, discoloration or indentations in nails can be signs of systemic disease, poor capillary refill can indicate vascular problems

Front 30

reason to inspect skin of upper back

Back 30

check for changes in coloration or lesions, moisture, temp, texture, mobility and turgor

Front 31

reason to inspect skin of lower chest, abdoment and lower extremities

Back 31

check for changes in coloration or lesions, moisture, temp, texture, mobility and turgor

Front 32

reason to inspect skin of feet and toenails

Back 32

discolorations or indentations in nails can be signs of systemic disease

Front 33

reason to inspect skin on lower back, gluteal and perianal area, and backs of lower extremities

Back 33

check for changes in coloration or lesions, moisture, temp, texture, mobility and turgor

Front 34

reason to inspect with a wood's lamp

Back 34

wood’s lamp can cause skin color to change indicating areas of different disease (bacterial, fungal, etc)

Front 35

actinic

Back 35

: of, relating to, resulting from, or exhibiting chemical changes produced by radiant energy especially in the visible and ultraviolet parts of the spectrum

Front 36

alopecia

Back 36

loss of hair; the extreme can be loss of hair on scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, beard, and body. More common is male pattern hair loss.

Front 37

annular

Back 37

forming a ring

Front 38

apocrine

Back 38

secreting

Front 39

beau's lines

Back 39

horizontal lines that grow out with the nail. They mark a stressful event such a high fever or severe illness

Front 40

bulla

Back 40

filled with clear, serous fluid, >0.5 in size

Front 41

cherry angioma

Back 41

bright or ruby red, 1-3mm in size, round, may show partial blanching with pressure

Front 42

clubbing

Back 42

raised proximal nail folds that are spongy in consistency. Either congenital or a sign of COPD, heart disease or GI disease

Front 43

comedone

Back 43

blackhead

Front 44

confluent

Back 44

flowing or coming together, i.e. confluent lesions

Front 45

crust

Back 45

dry layer of serum, pus, or blood

Front 46

cyanosis

Back 46

bluish or purplish discoloration due to deficient oxygenation of the blood

Front 47

cyst

Back 47

firm mass, deep, >1cm

Front 48

dermatographia

Back 48

condition in which lightly scratching your skin causes raised, red lines where you've scratched. Also called Excoriations

Front 49

dermis

Back 49

middle skin layer that contains connective tissue, sebaceous glands, sweat glands and hair follicles. Nourishes the epidermis.

Front 50

desquamation

Back 50

to peel off in the form of scales : scale off

Front 51

ecchymosis

Back 51

large areas of extravasion of blood into the skin from the vessels.

Front 52

eccrine

Back 52

of, relating to, having, or being eccrine glands

Front 53

eczema

Back 53

an inflammatory condition of the skin characterized by redness, itching, and oozing vesicular lesions which become scaly, crusted, or hardened

Front 54

epidermis

Back 54

most superficial layer of the skin that is thin and devoid of blood vessels. Consists of outer dead keratinized cell layer and inner cellular layer where melanin and keratin are formed

Front 55

erosion

Back 55

superficial loss of epidermis

Front 56

excoriation

Back 56

welts caused by scratching

Front 57

fissure

Back 57

a break or slit in tissue usually at the junction of skin and mucous membrane

Front 58

hirsutism

Back 58

increased hair growth in a male pattern from increased androgen activity in a female

Front 59

hyperkeratosis

Back 59

hypertrophy of the stratum corneum layer of the skin

Front 60

ichthyosis

Back 60

any of several diseases usually of hereditary origin characterized by rough, thick, and scaly skin—called also fishskin disease

Front 61

induration

Back 61

1 : an increase in the fibrous elements in tissue commonly associated with inflammation and marked by loss of elasticity and pliability 2 : a hardened mass or formation

Front 62

intertrigo

Back 62

inflammation produced by chafing of adjacent areas of skin

Front 63

jaundice

Back 63

yellowing caused by increased bilirubin levels

Front 64

keratin

Back 64

protein that provides structural basis of outer layer of skin, hair and nails

Front 65

keratosis

Back 65

a disease of the skin marked by overgrowth of horny tissue

Front 66

koilonychias

Back 66

[spoon nails] thinning of nail plate seen in anemia

Front 67

lichenification

Back 67

thickened exaggerations of the skin folds

Front 68

lentigines

Back 68

a small melanotic spot in the skin in which the formation of pigment is unrelated to exposure to sunlight and which is potentially malignant

Front 69

lunula

Back 69

whitish moon at proximal end of nail plate

Front 70

maculae

Back 70

flat lesion, <1cm in size

Front 71

melanin

Back 71

any of various black, dark brown, reddish brown, or yellow pigments, gives skin it’s color

Front 72

nail bed

Back 72

rich vascular structure for adherence of the nail

Front 73

nail plate

Back 73

hard translucent portion of nail, composed of keratin

Front 74

nail root

Back 74

area of nail plate covered by proximal nail fold

Front 75

nevus

Back 75

a congenital or acquired usually highly pigmented area on the skin that is either flat or raised

Front 76

nodule

Back 76

solid raised lesion that is deeper and firmer than a papule; 0.5 to 2cm in size

Front 77

onycholysis

Back 77

lifting up of the nail. Can be seen in hyperthyroidism [ring finger is affected] or in onychomycosis, trauma, chemical exposure, or psoriasis.

Front 78

papule

Back 78

solid, raised lesion, <0.5cm in size

Front 79

paronychia

Back 79

inflammation of the tissues adjacent to the nail of a finger or toe usually accompanied by infection and pus formation

Front 80

petechia(e)

Back 80

a minute reddish or purplish spot containing blood that appears in skin or mucous membrane as a result of localized hemorrhage

Front 81

plaque

Back 81

solid, slightly raised lesion, >0.5 cm in size, often a confluence of papules

Front 82

pruritus

Back 82

localized or generalized itching due to irritation of sensory nerve endings

Front 83

plaque

Back 83

solid, slightly raised lesion, >0.5 cm in size, often a confluence of papules

Front 84

pruritus

Back 84

localized or generalized itching due to irritation of sensory nerve endings

Front 85

purpura

Back 85

extravasion of blood into the skin from the vessels.

Front 86

pustule

Back 86

lesion filled with white pus

Front 87

scale

Back 87

thin flakes of epidermis

Front 88

sebaceous

Back 88

secreting sebum (fatty substance)

Front 89

seborrhea

Back 89

abnormally increased secretion and discharge of sebum producing an oily appearance of the skin and the formation of greasy scales

Front 90

serpiginous

Back 90

slowly spreading

Front 91

splinter

Back 91

a thin piece (as of wood) split or broken off lengthwise ; especially : such a piece embedded in the skin

Front 92

subcutaneous

Back 92

being, living, used, or made under the skin

Front 93

telangiectasia

Back 93

an abnormal dilation of red, blue, or purple superficial capillaries, arterioles, or venules typically located just below the skin's surface (as on the face)

Front 94

tumor

Back 94

solid lesion, >2 cm in size

Front 95

turgor

Back 95

the normal state of turgidity and tension in living cells- test this by pulling up skin on posterior hand and see how quickly it goes back to it’s original state

Front 96

tzanck test

Back 96

is scraping of an ulcer base to look for Tzanck cells

Front 97

ulcer

Back 97

deeper loss of of all skin layers and deeper tissue

Front 98

urticaria

Back 98

hives

Front 99

varicella

Back 99

chicken pox

Front 100

vellus

Back 100

short, fine, inconspicuous hair that is relatively un-pigmented

Front 101

vesicle

Back 101

filled with clear, serous fluid, <0.5 cm in size

Front 102

wheal

Back 102

slightly raised, transient skin edema, varies in size and shape

Front 103

zosteriform

Back 103

resembling shingles

Front 104

identify expected age and condition variations in the skin, hair, and nails

Back 104

o skin loses elasticity with age
o hair becomes thinner with age, some loss
o nails become more brittle with age

Front 105

psychomotor objectives for SHN

Back 105

• obtain medical, behavioral, psychosocial, and family history data relevant to the presenting problem with skin, hair, or nails;
• select appropriate equipment for conducting an assessment of the skin, hair, and nails;
• perform a thorough examination of the skin, hair, and nails;
• record accurately and concisely the physical exam findings for an examination of the skin, hair, and nails;

Front 106

affective objectives for SHN

Back 106

• demonstrate sensitivity to the patient with a skin condition, by maintaining professional demeanor and using appropriate measures to ensure patient privacy.