Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Greek wine history |
Dating back at least 4000 years. Historically exported widely, but Ottoman rule placed heavy taxes and crippled industry. Until recently best known Greek wine was Retsina, a non-representative example for the quality today. |
|
Greece- Geography and Climate |
Mountainous peninsula surrounded by Mediterranean on three sides. Classic Med climate. Mountains run up the western side, creating a rain shadow on the Eastern side. New trend towards high elevation, to take advantage of cooler climate. |
|
Greece: Red Grapes |
Xinomarvo: in northern areas, esp Macedonia. Often compared to Pinot Noir Agiorgitiko: more tannic and fruity than Xinomarvo, grown in the Peloponnese. Mavrodaphne: used for sweet fortified wines similar to Ruby Ports |
|
Greece: White Grapes |
Moschfilero: pink grape like Pinot Gris from Mantinia region. High acid with floral and spice. Assyrtiko: high acid white, originally from Santorini now throughout country. used for dry and sweet wines Muscat (Moschato): used for sweet wines Muscat of Samos, Rio Patras and Patras. Apricot, honey, orange peel, spice Athiri: Rhodes and Santorini. Low acid, good weight, aromatic Roditis: Widely planted. Easy drinking, crisp, fruity |
|
International Grapes in Greece |
Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah. Can only be used in PGI level wines |
|
Greek Wine Laws |
EO (epitrapezios oinos): table wine, 1/2 of production OKP (onomasia kata paradosi): appellation by tradition. Created to protect Retsina w/o tying it to a place TO (topikos oinos): regional wine. PGI OPAP (onomasia proelefseos anoteras piotitos): PDO category for dry unfortified wines. light red seal. OPE (onomasia proelefseos eleghomeni): PDO, only for sweet wine. light blue seal. |
|
Greek PDO Categories |
PDO Wine (15% of Production): 2) OPAP- light red seal, for dry unfortified wine |
|
Greek PGI Categories |
PGI Wine: 1)TO- has geographical indication 2)OKP- for Retsina, no geographic area |
|
Greek "Wine" Legal Category |
Wine (1/2 of Production): EO "Kava" on label means it the EO wine has been aged for two (whites) to three (reds) years minimum. |
|
Kava |
"Kava" on label means it the EO wine has been aged for two (whites) to three (reds) years minimum. |
|
Amyndeon OPAP |
Macedonia. dry to off dry red and rosé wines made from Xinomarvo |
|
Côtes de Meliton OPAP |
Macedonia. red and white wines made from Greek and French varieties |
|
Goumenissa OPAP |
Macedonia. dry red from Xinomarvo and NEgoska |
|
Naousa OPAP |
Macedonia. dry to off-dry red from Xinomarvo |
|
Mantinia OPAP |
Peloponesse. dry white from Moschofilero |
|
Mavrodaphne of Patras OPE |
Peloponesse. sweet fortified from Marvodaphne |
|
Nemea OPAP |
Peloponesse. largest red wine appellation in Greece. Dry to sweet reds from Agiorgitiko. Age worthy, nice acidity and aromatics |
|
Patras OPAP |
Peloponesse. dry whites from Roditis. Elegant light, citrus |
|
Santorini OPAP |
Aegean. Dry windy climate. Low trained Assyrtiko vines. Wines with acid, and minerality that get richer with age. |
|
Vinsanto |
Dessert wines produced in Santorini. Sweet or fortified. Must be aged in barrel for min 2 years |
|
Muscat of Samos OPE |
Aegean. Sweet white, from Samos. Three styles: Samos Doux, Samos vin doux naturel, Samos nectar |
|
Commandaria |
Most known wine of Cyrpus. Amber colored dessert wine made with red Marvo and white Xynisteri varieties. Sun dried after harvest to concentrate sugar. Reaches high abv naturally, but also may be fortified. Traditionally used fractional blending system. |
|
Mana System |
fractional blending system used in Cyprus to make Commandaria. Uses earthen pots intead of barrels |
|
Wine of Turkey |
Turkey is one of the largest grape growing countries by volume but most is used for table grapes or raisins. Largest producer Kavaklidere is one of few to export. Both native and int'l varieties |
|
Bekaa Valley |
Main wine growing region of Lebannon. High elevation areas in the western end of the Valley is planted to take advantage of nighttime cooling. |
|
Upcoming wine regions in Lebannon |
Eastern Bekaa Valley Batroun Jezzine |
|
Most well-known producer of Lebannon |
Chateau Musar |
|
Wine Regions of Israel |
Galilee- north, inc Golan Heights Shomron (Samaria)- Sharon plan near coast/Haifa Shimson (Samson)- between JH and coastal plain Jerusalem Mountains (Judean Hills)- on a plateau surrounding Jerusalem Negev- south, semi arid. Only possible with drip irrigation |
|
Galilee |
Most Northerly wine region of Israel, and higher elevation. As a result, the most temperate. Most important wine region. |
|
Israeli wine trends |
--Most wine made Kosher, but not always stereotypical sweet wine. --Only beginning to make appellation system --Focus on understanding terroirs --Export of non-Kosher wine growing |