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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Primary Function of CV System During Aerobic Exercise
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Deliver O2 and Nut to muscles
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Cardiac Output
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The amount of Blood Pumped by the Hear in
- Liters/Min Q = Stroke Volume x Heart Rate |
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Stroke Volume
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Quantity of Blood Ejected with Each Beat
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Heart Rate
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Hearts Rate of Pumping
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Max Heart Rate Estimation
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220-Age
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Fick Equation
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Q (Cardiac Output) = VO2 (Oxygen Consumption) / (Ca - Cv) (Venous Return)
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Rate Pressure Product (Equation)
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HR+BP = Rate Pressure Produce = Double Product
HR + BP = the Work of the Heart |
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Oxygen Uptake (Equation)
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Figured by:
- Fick Equation Expresses Relationship Between: - Cardiac Output - Oxygen Uptake - Arteriovenous Oxygen Difference |
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Maximal Oxygen Uptake
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The Greatest Amount of Oxygen that:
- Can be used at the Cellular Level for the Entire Body - Correlation is accepted as Measurement of Cardiorespiratory Fitness |
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Diastolic Blood Pressure
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Used to estimate the:
- Pressure exerted against the arterial walls when - No Blood is being forcefully ejected through the walls - AKA Diastole |
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Systolic Blood Pressure
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Estimates the Pressure Exerted against the:
- Arterial Walls as Blood is Forcefully Ejected during the Ventricular Contraction - aka Systole |
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Mean Arterial Pressure (Definition/Equation)
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The average blood pressure throughout the Cardiac Cycle
Mean Art. BP = (SBP-DBP/3) + DBP |
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Total Peripheral Resistance
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The resistance of the Entire Systematic Circulation
ion = Increased Resistance vasodilation = Decreased resistance |
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Adaptation to Acute Aerobic Exercises
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Increased:
- Cardiac Output - Stroke Volume - HR - Vo2 - SBP - Blood Flow to active muscles - Decrease in DBP |
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Minute Ventilation
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The Volume of Air Breathed in a Minute
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Tidal Volume
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The Amount of Air Inhaled and Exhaled with each breath
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Ventilatory Equivalent
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The ratio of:
- Minute Ventilation to - Oxygen Uptake Ranges between: 20-25L of Air/liters of O2 consumed |
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Physiological Dead Space
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The Alveoli in which Poor:
- Blood Flow - Ventilation - Other problems with Alveolar Surface Impair Gas Exchange |
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Aerobic Gas Exchange Process
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Large Amounts of O2 Diffuse from:
- Capillaries to Tissues Increased levels of CO2 move from: - Blood to Alveoli Minute Ventilation Increases to Maintain Appropriate Alveolar Concentrations of these Gases |
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Diffusion
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The Movement of O2 and CO2 Across
- Cell Membrane Is a function of the Concentration of Each Gas Molecular motion is determined by Partial Pressure |
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Aerobic Training Adaptions
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Increased:
- Max Cardiac Output - Increased Stroke Volume Reduced: - Heart Rate at Rest/submax exercise |
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Vasoconstriction
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Narrowing of Blood Vessels as a result of:
- Contraction of the Muscular wall of the vessel |
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Vasodilation
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Widening of Blood Vessels as a Result of:
- Relaxation of the Muscular wall of the Vessel |
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Venous Return
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The amount of Blood Returning to the Heart
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Ventilatory Equivalent
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The Ration of:
- Minute Ventilation to - Oxygen Uptake |
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Alveoli
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The functional unit of the Pulmonary System
Where gas exchange occurs |
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Anatomical Dead Space
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During Inspiration:
- Air also Occupies Areas of Respiration: - Nose - Mouth - Trachea - Bronchi - Bronchioles Areas of no Gas Exchange |
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Arteriovenous Oxygen Difference
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The Difference in:
- Oxygen Content Between: - Arterial and Venous Blood |
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Blood Doping
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The Practice of Artificially Increasing:
- Red Blood Cell Mass |
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Bradycardia
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Fewer than 60 bpm
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Ejection Fraction
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The Fraction of the:
- End Diastolic Volume Ejected from the Heart |
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End-Diastolic Volume
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The Volume of Blood Available to be Pumped by the:
- Left Ventricle - At the the End of the Diastole (filling phase) |
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Frank-Starling Mechanism
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The Force of the Contraction is a:
- Function of the Length of the Fibers of the Muscle Wall |
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Hyperoxic Breathing
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Breathing Oxygen-Enriched Gas Mixtures
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Hyperventilation
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Increase in Pulmonary Ventilation
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Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks
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3.5 ml of O2/KG/BW
The ability of the Heart/Circulatory to Transport Oxygen, and the Body tissues t use it |
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Myoglobin
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The protein that transports Oxygen within the Cell
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Detraining
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Succeeds Aerobic Inactivity
Most sensitive detraining happens in: - The Aerobic Enzyme Activity - Revers to Normal, Untrained State |
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Overtraining (Aerobic)
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Extreme levels of:
- Frequency - Volume - Intensity - Combo of above Rest, to recover - Even longer period with Aerobic Athletes |
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Overtraining Syndrome (Aerobic)
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Performance Decrements
Low Body Weight Low Body Fat |
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Overreaching (Aerobic)
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Same as Overtraining,
- But Symptoms only last a few days |