A plethora of individuals have a clue about various heart related diseases, but are unsure of what it exactly is. One of the major cardiovascular diseases is coronary heart disease. In which, the arteries harden and narrow due to plaque buildup that is known as atherosclerosis. Coronary heart disease usually leads to heart attacks because of high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, and abnormal cholesterol levels. Furthermore, a study conducted by Hambrecht et al. (2000) was to determine if aerobic exercise training can improve coronary reserve in patients with coronary artery disease and endothelial disfunction. Vascular endothelium plays a major role as modulator in the synthesizing and releasing of nitric oxide. A modulator is a factor
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During exercise, there is an increase of blood flow and with coronary artheroclerios there tends to be impairment of coronary endothelial function. To improve the endothelial function, agents such as angiotensin converting-enzymes, B-hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme were used. In this study, 19 patients under the age of 70 participated. Patients that participated in the study were required to have a target vessel that had signs of endothelial disfunction. Endothelial disfunction can be defined as decrease of more than five percent in mean luminal diameter or no change in response to acetylcholine. Also, patients had to show no symptoms while exercising with 50 W. There are several factors that could influence endothelial function such as diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, ventricular tachycardia’s, valve heart disease, and etc. Before the study was conducted, consent was obtained from all patients. Patients had to discontinue medications 24 hours before for the measurement of the coronary endothelial function. “At …show more content…
This method was used to generate a value of the flow per min. Afterwards, saline, acetylcholine, adenosine, and nitroglycerin were administered. Maximal flow- dependent coronary vasodilation was calculated by taking the differences in the target-vessel diameter by the tip of the catheter after adenosine was administered. Coronary blood-flow reserve was calculated by taking the ratio of blood-flow velocity of patient at rest to mean peak-coronary blood-flow velocity. Patients began to exercise in a upright position on a calibrated, electronically brake bicycle ergometer. Workload was increased every three minutes. Testing was done during exercise to determine peak oxygen uptake. After the initial study was conducted, patients were randomly assigned to an exercise or non-exercise group. Patients who were a part of the exercise group, resided in the hospital for the four week period. They had exercised six times a day for ten minutes on a bicycle ergometer at 80 percent heart rate they had reached during peak oxygen uptake during initial exercise test (134.4 ±3.8) (Hambrecht et al., 2000). Oxygen uptake was influenced by adrenergic- receptors and beta-blockers.
During exercise, there is an increase of blood flow and with coronary artheroclerios there tends to be impairment of coronary endothelial function. To improve the endothelial function, agents such as angiotensin converting-enzymes, B-hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme were used. In this study, 19 patients under the age of 70 participated. Patients that participated in the study were required to have a target vessel that had signs of endothelial disfunction. Endothelial disfunction can be defined as decrease of more than five percent in mean luminal diameter or no change in response to acetylcholine. Also, patients had to show no symptoms while exercising with 50 W. There are several factors that could influence endothelial function such as diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, ventricular tachycardia’s, valve heart disease, and etc. Before the study was conducted, consent was obtained from all patients. Patients had to discontinue medications 24 hours before for the measurement of the coronary endothelial function. “At …show more content…
This method was used to generate a value of the flow per min. Afterwards, saline, acetylcholine, adenosine, and nitroglycerin were administered. Maximal flow- dependent coronary vasodilation was calculated by taking the differences in the target-vessel diameter by the tip of the catheter after adenosine was administered. Coronary blood-flow reserve was calculated by taking the ratio of blood-flow velocity of patient at rest to mean peak-coronary blood-flow velocity. Patients began to exercise in a upright position on a calibrated, electronically brake bicycle ergometer. Workload was increased every three minutes. Testing was done during exercise to determine peak oxygen uptake. After the initial study was conducted, patients were randomly assigned to an exercise or non-exercise group. Patients who were a part of the exercise group, resided in the hospital for the four week period. They had exercised six times a day for ten minutes on a bicycle ergometer at 80 percent heart rate they had reached during peak oxygen uptake during initial exercise test (134.4 ±3.8) (Hambrecht et al., 2000). Oxygen uptake was influenced by adrenergic- receptors and beta-blockers.