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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Federal Court System |
The three-tiered structure of federal courts, comprising United States District Courts, United States Courts of Appeal, and the United States Supreme Court. |
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State Court System |
A state judicial structure. Most states have at least three court levels: Trial Courts, Appellate Courts, and a state Supreme Court. |
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Jurisdiction |
The territory, subject matter, or people over which a court or other justice agency may exercise lawful authority as determined by statute or constitution. |
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Original Jurisdiction |
The lawful authority of a court to hear or to act on a case from its beginning and to pass judgement on the law and the facts. This authority can be over a specific geographic area or a specific type of case. |
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Appellate Jurisdiction |
The lawful authority of a court to review a decision made by a lower court. |
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Trial de Novo (New Trial) |
The term is applied to cases that are retried on appeal, as opposed to those that are simply reviewed on the record. |
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Court of Last Resort |
The court authorized by law to hear the final appeal on a matter. |
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Appeal |
The request that a court with appellate jurisdiction review the judgement, decision, or order of a lower court and set it aside (reverse it), or modify it. |
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State Court Administrator
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A coordinator who assists with case-flow management , operating funds budgeting, and court docket administration.
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Dispute-Resolution Center
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An informal hearing place designed yo mediate interpersonal dusputes without resorting to the more formal arrangements of a criminal trial court.
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Community Courts
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Low-level court that focuses on quality of life crimes that erode a neighborhood's morale.
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Judicial Review
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The power of the court to review actions and decisions made by other agencies of government.
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Courtroom Work Group
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The professional courtroom actors, including judges, prosecuting attorneys, defense attorneys, public defenders, and others who earn a living serving the court.
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Judge
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An elected or appointed public official whi presides over a court of law and who is authorized to hear and sometimes to decide cases and to conduct trials.
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Prosecutor (Dustrict Attorney)
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An attorney whose official duty is to conduct criminam proceedings on behalf of the state or the people against those accused iif having committed criminal offenses.
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Prosecutorial Discretion
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The power to charge or not to charge.
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Exculpatory Evidence
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Any information having a tendency to clear a persin of guilt or blame.
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Defense Council
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A licensed trial lawyer hired or appointed to conduct the legal defense of a person accused of a crime and to represent him or her before a court of law.
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Public Defender
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An attorney that is hired by the government to defend.
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Baliff
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Courtroom officer whose duties are to keep order in the courtroom and to maintain physical custody if the hearing.
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Lay Witness
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Eyewitness, character witness, or other that is called on to testify that isn't an expert.
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