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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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connective tissue characteristics
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consists of:
cells fibers ground substance |
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functions
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-nutrients (O2) to tissues and bring back waste
-keep structures in place -physical form (supporting) -house fat cells (thermoregulation) |
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connective tissue cells
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-plasma cells, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutorphils and eosinophils are wandering
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Mesenchymal cells
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-stem cells
-stellate -pleuripotent embryonic |
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Fibroblast and Fibrocyte
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-most common cell in CT
-heterochromatic -make collagen fibers (eosinophils) |
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Reticular cell
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not reticulocyte
-stellate cells with spherical nucleus -produce reticular fibers basophilic cytoplasm -location: lymph nodes liver spleen bone marrow |
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Adipocyte/Adipose Cell
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Unilocular
-large cells containing a single large non-membrane bound lipid droplet, peripheral nucleus, store energy multilocular -central nucleus, many droplets, heat product |
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Pericyte
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-elongated cell
-location: adjacent to endothelial cell contain contractile filaments |
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Mast cells
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-near rb vessels
-central spherical nucleus -granules: histamine, heparin, proteases -mesenchymal precursor |
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Macrophage
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-mobile or fixed
-originates from monocyte -phagocytic cell -cytoplasmic vacuoles, lysosomes, phagosomes, pseudopodia -antigen presenting |
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Pigment cells
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-Melanin containing cells in mammals
-common in dermis, uterine caruncles, meninges, melanocytes |
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Plasma Cells
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-pear-shaped, ovoid or spherical cell
-peripheral spherical nucleus w/ cart wheel appearance -basophilic (rER) -develop from B-lymphocytes |
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Connective Tissue Fibers
Collagen Fibers |
-principal fiber type
-high tensile strength, poor stretching and shearing -digested by collagenase and serine-proteases |
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synthesis
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1. pro-a-chains form triple helix in rER
2. sent and packed in Golgi and exocytosed 3. cleavage of propeptides to form tropocollagen 4. tropocollagen assemble to or collagen fibrils 5. bundles of fibrils form collagen fibers 6. bundles of fibers form fasicles |
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Types of collagen
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1.Fibril forming (123511)
propeptides cleaved 90% are type 1 2.Network forming (46) not cleaved associated with basal lamina 3. Fibril associated (912) not cleaved help interactions of fibrils w/ each other |
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Reticular Fibers
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-cannot be distinguished from collagen
-individual collagen fibrils coated w. proteoglycans and glycoproteins -scaffolding to support cells and cell groups |
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Elastic Fibers
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-in organs requiring elasticity
-reflectile, wavy appearance, pink strands -can stretch -occur in single fibers that branch and anastomose -ear, vocal cords, epiglotis, ligamentum nuchae, dermis, aorta, arteries |
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Fibrous Adhesive Proteins
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-Fibronectin: fibril forming protein, binds various structures
-Laminin: large glycoprotein, attaches cells to basal lamina |
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Ground substance
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-hydrated gel
-formed glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans -seven GAGs Non sulfated: Hyaluronic acid Sulfated: i.e. heparin |
