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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Orthopedics
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injury/disease caused by a variety of events:
*Bones/Joints *Ligaments/Tendons *Muscles |
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Pathologic Fracture
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Osteoporosis/arthritis related
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Closed Fracture
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intact skin
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Open/Compound Fracture
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open wound @ fracture
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Greenstick Fracture
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*combo of break
*bend in bone |
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Complete Fracture
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clean break through entire bone
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Incomplete/Hairline Fracture
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partial break
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Transverse Fracture
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break @ right angle to bone
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Oblique Fracture
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diagonal/slanted fracture
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Spiral Fracture
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twisting fracture line
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Most fractures are caused by:
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Unintentional falls
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Treatment for fractures
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*Repair
*Immobolization *6 - 12 weeks healing time |
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Internal fixation
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surgical implementation of implants for the purpose of repairing a bone
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Closed reduction Internal Fixation
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is reduction without any open surgery, followed by internal fixation
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Open reduction Internal Fixation
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Open reduction refers to open surgery to set bones, as is necessary for some fractures. Internal fixation refers to fixation of screws and/or plates
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Hemiarthoplasty
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surgial procedure that replaces one half of the hip joint with a prosthetic, while leaving the other half intact
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Arthoplasty
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the surgical reconstruction or replacement of a joint.
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Humeral Fractures
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*Locations:
- Proximal end: Shoulder - Distal end: Elbow - Bone shaft *May affect Radial nerve function |
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Distal Radial Fractures
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*aka wrist fracture
*more common in radial than ulna *most common cause is fall onto outstretched arm *Limitiations during repair: dec. in affected hand, entire UE, sensation, strength |
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Smith's Fracture
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Inward fall on wrist fracture
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Colles Fracture
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Outward fall on wrist fracture
*More common |
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Scaphoid Fracture
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*most commonly fractured bone of wrist
*usually sports related involving hyperextension *Tx w/long or short thumb Spica cast |
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Pelvic Fractures
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*most common in falls/motor vehicle accidents
*most are NON-surgical *Surgical is injury is severe enough *Highly/Extremely PAINFUL!! *not the same as Hip fx. |
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Hip Fractures
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*requires surgical intervention at some point
*Most common in elderly women *Leading cause of mortality/functional decline in elderly *requires OT and mobility intervention |
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Most common hip fracture repair
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*ORIF
*Hemiarthoplasty (half of a THR) *THR (Total Hip Replacement) |
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Hip fracture repair precautions:
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*Weigh bearing precautions
*No pigeon toed foot *No turning inward *No hip flexion beyond 90% *No hip adduction - NO CROSSING LEGS |
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Hip fractures are most common in 80% of woman because of
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*Osteoporosis
*Live longer |
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Total Knee Replacement
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*aka Knee Arthoplasty or TKR
*early mobilization inc. best outcome *CPM machines common *Not seen in OT often unless with co-morbidities |
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#1 reason for Hip Replacements
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Osteoarthritis
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Osteophytes
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*aka bone sprurs
*Bone spurs are bony projections that develop along the edges of bones *caused by wear and tear associated with osteoarthritis |
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Bouchard's Nodes
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Bony bumps on the middle joint of the finger
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Heberden's Nodes
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Bony bumps on the finger joint closest to the fingernail
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Medical Managment
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*Pain Relief/Pain Prevention
*Precautions *Incision Care *Fall Prevention |
