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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Epidemiology |
About 10% of the world population are challenged. Also about 10 million Nigerians are disabled. 70 million of the world challenged are below 15 years of age and are found in the developing countries. In Nigeria, over 50,000 challenged children are distributed amongst 500 homes. Majority of these challenged children (about 7 million) are found in the streets with less than 1.5m in schools and 2million on the farms Disease onset > impairment >disability >handicap |
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Impairment |
Any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function. |
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Disability |
Any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. Is concerned with functional performance and ability and its limitation as it affects the whole body/person. A mental, physical, medical or social condition that interferes with normal functioning |
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Handicap |
The result when an individual with an impairment cannot fulfill a normal life role. Focuses on the whole person as a social being and reflects on the interaction and adaptation of the person to his/her surrounding. The definition tries to capture the consequences that places the individual at a disadvantage in relation to their peers Normal is defined within the contest of age, gender and socio-cultural factors. There is no universal standard of normal |
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Types/ classification of disability |
•Learning disorders: Difficulties in writing,reading,computing •Speech or language impairment: Grammar, morphology,semantics •Mental retardation: Intellectual ability •Emotional disturbance •Autism •Hearing impairment/deaf/hard of hearing •Visual impairment •Deaf-blindness •Orthopaedic impairment •Traumatic brain injury (TBI) •Other health impairment(OHI) Cancers,SCD,DM •Multiple disabilities ( Mental retardation & physical disabilities •Developmental delay(DD) The classification can be used for diagnosis, rehabilitation assessment and monitoring, record keeping and a whole list of possible other functions |
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Management of the challenged child |
The approach to medical management of the challenged child is multidisciplinary in nature. It is important to become familiar with the special needs of the child and the parents’ concerns |
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Problems of the handicapped child |
•Stigmatisation/discrimnation/prejudice •Lack /poor education •Poor nutrition •Poor health •Physical, emotional & sexual abuse •Child labour & employment/exploitation •Lack of training and capacity building •Not considered in humanitarian crises •Not involved in decision making •Live all their lives in institutionalised homes •Forced abortions •Forced sterilisation |
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Needs of the handicapped child |
•Medical interventions •Surgical interventions •Assisted devices •Environmental modifications •Education •Training/ capacity building •Sexual and reproductive health needs •Institute their rights ( CRC,CRPD) |
