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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MUSCLES OF MASTICATION What does origin mean |
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What is the origin of the muscle of mastication
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Superficial head: Anterior 2/3 of lower order
Deep Head: Posterior 1/3 of and medial surface of zygomatic arch |
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What does insertion mean |
Insertion moves with contraction |
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What is the insertion of the massester muscle |
Superfical head: Angle of mandible Deep Head: Rumus of mandible |
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What is the action of the masseter muscle |
Closes jaw |
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What is the origin of the temporalis muscle |
Temporal fossa |
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What is the insertion of the temporalis |
Cornoid process of the mandible |
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What is the action of the temporalis |
Elevates the mandible |
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What is the origin of the medial pterygoid |
Pterygoid fossa of the sphenoid bone |
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What is the insertion of the medial pterygoid |
Angle of the mandible |
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What is the action of the medial pterygoid |
Closing the jaw |
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Where is the pterygoid fossa located |
between the lateral and medial pterygoid plates |
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What is the origin of the lateral pterygoid |
Superior head: Greater wing of the sphenoid bone Inferior head: Lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone |
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What is the insertion of the lateral pterygoid |
Both heads: Pterygoid fovea of the mandible |
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What is the action of the lateral pterygoid |
Inferior head: Slight jaw opening Only one muscle= deviation of the jaw Both muscles: protrusion of the mandible |
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HYOID MUSCLES |
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What are the two categories of hyoid muscles |
Suprahyoid muscles Anterior Posterior Infrahyoid muscles |
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What are the different Suprahyoid muscles (4) |
Digastric
Geniohyoid Mylohyoid Stylohyoid |
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What are the different infrahyoid muscles (4) |
Sternothyroid Sternohyoid Omohyoid Thyrohyoid |
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What is the origin of the digastric muscle |
Anterior Belly: Intermediate tendon Posterior Belly: Mastoid notch of the temporal bone |
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What is the insertion of the Digastric muscle |
Anterior belly: Medial surface of the mandible Posterior belly: Intermediate tendon |
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What is the action of the Digastric muscle |
Works to elevate the hyoid bone and depress the mandible |
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What is the origin of the mylohyoid muscle |
Deep to the digastric Mylohyoid line of the mandible |
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What is the insertion of the mylohyoid muscle |
Body of the hyoid |
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What is the action of the mylohyoid muscle |
Elevating the hyoid Open the jaw Forms the floor of the mouth |
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What is the origin of the Stylohoid muscle |
Styloid process |
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What is the insertion of the Stylohyoid muscle |
Body of the hyoid bone |
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What is the action of the stylohyoid muscle |
Elevates the hyoid |
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What is the Origin of the geniohyoid muscle |
Medial surface of the mandible near the symphysis at the genial tubercles |
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What is the insertion of the geniohyoid muscle |
Body of the hyoid bone |
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What is the action of the Geniohyoid muscle |
Elevates the hyoid Opens the jaw |
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Which muscles are part of the anterior suprahyoid muscles (3) |
Anterior belly of the digastric muscle Mylohyoid muscle Geniohyoid muscle |
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Which muscles are part of the posterior suprahyoid muscles (2) |
Posterior belly of the digastric muscle Stylohyoid muscle |
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INFRAHYOID MUSCLES |
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What is the origin of the Sternothryoid muscle |
Posterior surface of the sternum at the level of the first rib |
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What is the insertion for the Sternothyroid muscle |
Body of the Hyoid bone |
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What is the action of the Sternothyroid muscle |
Depresses the thyroid cartlidge |
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What is the Origin of the Sternohyoid muscle |
Posterior surface of the sternum |
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What is the insertion of the Sternohyoid muscle |
Body of the hyoid bone |
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What is the action of the Sternohyoid muscle |
Depress the hyoid bone |
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What is the origin of the Omohyoid muscle |
Inferior belly: Scapula Superior belly: Short tendon attached to the inferior belly |
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What is the insertion for the Omohyoid muscle |
Inferior: Short tendon attched to the superior belly |
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What is the action of the Omohyoid muscle |
Depress the hyoid bone |
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Describe the Thyrohyoid muscle |
covered by the omohyoid and sternohyoid muscle |
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What is the origin of the Thryohyoid muscle |
Thyroid cartilage |
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What is the insertion of the thyrohyoid muscle |
Body and greater cornu of the hyoid |
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What is the action of thyrohyoid muscle |
Depresses the hyoid and raises the thyroid cartilage and larynx |
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TONGUE MUSCLES |
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The tongue muscles are divided into what |
Intrinsic Extrinsic |
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What divides the tongue into symmetrical halves |
Median septum |
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Where is the origins of the tongue where are the insertions of the tongue |
Outside Inside |
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What is the medial lingual sulcus |
Corresponds with the median septum or midline of the tongue Appears as a depression on the dorsal surface |
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What are the Intrinsic tongue muscles (5) |
Superior longitudinal Transverse muscle Vertical muscle Inferiorlongitudinal Action |
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What is the superior longitudinal muscle do? |
Most superficial Runs oblique and longitudinal from base to apex |
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What is the transverse muscle |
Deep to superior longitudinal Runs transerversly from the mesial septum to the sides of the tongue |
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What is ther vertical muscle |
Runs vertically from the dorsal to the ventral surface |
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What is the inferior longitudinal |
Runs longitudinally on the ventral surface from the base to the apex of the tongue |
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What is the action |
Change shape of the tongue, shorten, thicken, long narrow, and curl |
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EXTRINSIC TONGUE MUSCLES |
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What are the three extrinisic tongue muscles |
Genioglossus Styloglossus Hyoglossus |
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What is the origin of the genioglossus |
Genial tubercles of the mandible |
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What is the insertion of the genioglossus
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Hyoid bone and tongue |
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What is the action of the genioglossus |
Protrudes tongue and depresses portions |
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What is the origin of the styloglossus muscle |
Styloid process of the temporal bone |
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What is the insertion of the styloglossus muscle |
Tongue |
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Wha tis the action of the Styloglossus muscle |
Retracts the tongue |
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What is the origin of the hypoglossus |
Greater cornu and body of hyoid |
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What is the insertion of the Hypoglossus |
Tongue |
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What is the action of the hypoglossus muscle |
Depresses the tongue |
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MUSCLES OF THE PHARYNX |
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The pharynx is divided into three portions called? |
Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharyx |
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What are the actions of the muscles of the pharyxn (3) |
Speaking Swallowing Middle Ear Function |
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What is the origin of the Stylopharyngeus muscle |
Styloid process |
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What is the insertion of the Stylopharyngeus muscle |
Lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls |
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What is the action of the stylopharyngeus muscle |
Elevates the pharynx and simultaneously widens the pharynx |
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What is the Pharyngeal Constrictor Muscle |
Three Paired muscle |
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What is the origin of the pharyngeal constrictor muscle |
Superior pharyngeal: Ptyergoid hamulus, mandible, and mandibular raphe Middle pharyngeal: Hyoid bone and stylohoid ligament Inferior pharyngeal: Thyroid and cricoid cartilages All three overlap each other with the inferior pharyngeal as the most superficial |
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What is the insertion of the Pharyngeal Constrictor muscle |
Median pharyngeal raphe |
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What is the action of the pharyngeal constrictor muscle |
Raise the pharynx and larynx to drive food down during swallowing |
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MUSCLES OF THE SOFT PALATE |
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What do the muscles of the soft palate do |
Closing action that prevents food from entering the nasal cavity while swallowing |
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What are the five muscles of the soft palate |
Palatoglossus Palatopharyngeus Levator Veli Palatini muscle Tensor Veli Palatini Muscle Muscle of the Uvula |
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What does the palatoglossus form? |
Anterior faucial pillar |
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What is the origin of the Palatoglossus |
Medial palatine raphe |
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What is the insertion of the Palatoglossus |
Lateral surface of the tongue |
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What is the action of the palatoglossus |
Elevates the base of the tongue |
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What does the palatopharyngeus form |
Posterior faucial pillar |
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What is the origin of the palatopharyngeus |
Soft palate |
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What is the insertion of the palatopharyngeus
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Walls of the laryngopharynx and thyroid cartilage |
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What is the action of the palatopharyngeus |
Moves palate to close off nasal cavity while swallowing |
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Where is the Levator Veli Palatini muscle |
Superior to the soft palate |
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What is the origin of the Levator Veli Palatini Muscle |
Inferior surface of the temporal bone |
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What is the insertion of the Levator veli Palatini Muscle
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Median palatine raphe |
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What is the action of the Levator Veli Palatini muscle |
Raises the soft palate for speech and preventing food from entering the nasal cavity |
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Describe the Tensor Veli Palatini |
Stiffens the soft palate |
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What is the origin of the Tensor Veli Palatini |
Auditory tube area and anterior area of the sphenoid bone |
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What is the insertion of the Tensor Veli Palatini |
Median palatine raphe |
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What is the action of the tensor Veli palatini
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Slightly lowers the palate |
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What is the origin of the muscle of the Uvula |
Within the uvula |
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What is the insertion of the muscle of the uvula |
within the Uvula |
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What is the action of the muscle of the uvula |
Shortens and broadens to adapt while closing off from the nasal cavity |
