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36 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Urbanization and Politics
Cities Grow into Urban Culture that get National Political Issues. So the Presidency gets Depression which leads to the Election of 1896 that intern gives us The Progressive Era
Expansion of the west.
The West rode on The Railroads to Labor
Johnson's Reconstruction Plan
1. Johnson lets confederates remain in politics
2. Johnson appoints Constitutional Convention
The Congressional Reconstruction Plan
1. In 1866 Johnson vetoes an extension of the life of the Freedmans Bureau and a Civil Rights bill which later passed
2. In 1866 Johnson's Reconstruction Act of divided the south into five military districts, Confederate leaders
can't vote till new state constitutions were ratified, Negros can vote, south must ratify the 14th amendment
Johnson's Impeachment
Johnson was impeached because Johnson sought to remove Secretary of War Edward M. Stanton
Reconstruction in the South.
1. Freedman Bureu starts and operates 4000 schools
2. Landowners munipulate sharecroppers
End of Reconstruction
1. 1874 Amnesty Act pardoned all but 500 confederates
2. 1873 paper money or hard money.
The West
1. Indian wars from Sand Creek Massacre in 1862 to Wounded knee in 1890
2. The Dawes Act in 1887 embodied many of the reformers ideas
3. Timber & Stone Act on 1878 let private citizes to by cheap 160 acre plots
The Railroads
1. The first contenental railroad was started in 1862 and finished May 1, 1869
Labor
1. National Labor Union founded in 1877
2. The Knights of labor started in 1879
Growth of Cities
1. Urban population jumps from 10 million in 1870 to 54 million in 1920
Population
1. Exclusive Act in 1882 was to keep Chinese out for ten years; renewals kept it till 1943
Urban Culture
1. Controversy over deaths in college football games led to the development of Intercollegiate Athletic Association
National Political Issues.
1. National Civil Service Reform League in 1881
2. Pendle Civil Service Act in 1882 which created competitive examinations for about 10% of government jobs
The Presidency
1. Between 1877 to 1901 is when Congressional power eclipsed that of the president.
The Depression
1. 1893 Bankruptcy hit 500 banks and 1,500 businesses.
2. Congress repealed the the Sherman Silver Purchase Act in 1893
Election of 1896
1. Dingley Tariff in 1897 sought to promote American industry
The Progressive Era
1. Hepburn Act in 1906 strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission's authority to set railroad rates.
2. Meat Inspection Act in 1906 provided oversight of the meat packing industry
3. Federal Reserve Act in 1913 established a central banking system
Expansion of Trade & investment
1. America becomes on of the leading countries investing abroad
2. 1914 1/3 of investments went to Latin America.
Expansion
1. 1880's Alfred T. Mahan promoting promotes large navy in "The Influence of Sea Power Upon History" (1890)
2. 1893 a cadre of wealthy American planters over-threw Queen Liliuokalani
3. 1895 Secretary of State James Olney strongly invoked the Monroe Doctrine. Britian & U.S. Settled the
Venezuela/British boarder Guiana dispute in 1896
4. Soon after the civil war William H. Seward, Secretary of State purchased Alaska from Russia
5. US obtained naval station in Samoa and in ten years it annexed a portion of the islands
6. US obtained naval station in Samoa and in ten years it annexed a portion of the islands
Spanish-American War
1. Wilson-Gorman Tarigg imposed heavy duties of Cuban sugar, 90% of which was sent to America, devistated Cuban economy
2. McKinly was dissatisfied and on April 19 got Congress's permission to use force
Asia
1. 1899 Secretary of State John Hay sent a note to to ask for the "Open Door" of equale trading rights with China
2. Jones Act (1916) promised Philippines an independence.
3. The Taft-Katsura Agreement (1905) and Root Takahara Agreement (1907)
Debate over Imperialism
1. February 1899, the Senate approved the Treaty of Paris
Latin America
1. Platt Amendment
2. Foraker Act (1900) established American control over Puerto Rico
WWI
1. Germany Decalares war on Russia on August 1, 1913
2. April 2, 1917 Wilson asked to declare war on Germany.
The Republican Ascendency
1. Fordney-McCumber Tariff Act raised tariff rates
2. Federal Highway Act (1921) to aid states in road building
3. Johnson Act in 1921 restricting immigration by 3%
Social Patterns
1. Ernest Hemmingway and F. Scott Fitzgerld movie to Europe
2. Criticize America. Lewis's "Main Street" 1920 & Fitzgerald's "The Great Gatsby" 1925
Reactions to Change
1. KKK has 5 million members 1923. They didn't want Jews, Catholics, or Negros
Economic Crash
1. Starts October 24, 1929
2. Feral Reserve Board tightens money supply ultimately causing the depression
Hoover's Response
1. Hawley-Smoot Tariff (1930) which raised rates
2. Revenue Act (1932) which raised taxes
The First New Deal
1. Agriculture Adjustment Act which payed farmers not to plant
2. Farm Credit Act which provided loans to farmers
3. Federal Emergency Act provided money to state and local governments
4. National Industrial Recovery Act established the Public Works Administration which oversaw construction
Depression and Society
1. John Steinbeck The Grapes of Wrath 1939
2. 1930 female work force increased by 1/3 70% single though it increased
3. Frances Perkins was the first female to hold a cabinet position. She was Secretary of Labor
The Home Front
1. Espionage (1917) and Sedition (1918) Acts gave the government broad powers to limit criticism of the war, resulting in over 2000 prosecutions
The Peace Settlement
1. Jan 1918 - 14 points
Pursuing Peace
1. Women's Peace Union advocated alternatives to war as did the U.S. government
2. (Nov. 1921-Feb. 1922) the U.S. Secretary of the States of State Evan Hughes proposed limits on the navie's size
3. 1928 the led the development of the Kellogg-Briand Pact, ultimately signed by 62 nations, that renounced war as
"an instrument of national policy"
The International Economy
1. U.S. came out of WWI a creditor nation to which Europeans owed about $13 billion.
2. Americans unwilling to forgive European debts so a complex ring started where American loaned money to Germany who payed reparations to Allied powers who payed America.
3. The Dawes Plan (1924) extended the payment period of Germany's reparations but they fell off in 1928.
4. Young Plan (1929) tried to fix it.