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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is a trial without a jury
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bench trial
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what is the goal of the crime control model
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advocates for yourself for punishment
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what are the three main components of the criminal justice system
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police, corrections, and the courts
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what is the court of last resort
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US Supreme Court
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what happens at an arraignment
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judge asks defendant to enter a plea and hears the accusations
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what is the due process model
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protects rights of the accused
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how many cases does the Supreme Court hear every year
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less than 85 cases a year
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which amendment was the Court's opinion of Brown v. Mississippi based on
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due process and the 14th amendment
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what is the importance of the Supreme Court
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interprets laws that impacts society as a whole
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what are the characteristics of common law
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judge made, based on precedent, and found in multiple sources
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what are the five elements of a crime
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actus reus, mens rea, union of act and intent, attendant circumstances, and results
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what is mens rea
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criminal intent or guilty intent
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what is the primary justification for constitutional safeguards
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ensure innocent people will not be convicted
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what are the levels of burden of proof
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reasonable suspicion, probable cause, preponderance of the evidence, clear and convincing evidence, beyond a reasonable doubt
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what amendment guarantees the right to counsel
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6th amendment
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infancy and insanity are known as what type of defense
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defense of excuse
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what does a plaintiff seek to obtain in a civil suit
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money
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criminal trials start with two presumptions, what are they? innocent until proven guilty and ...
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accused is sane
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what are the requirements of actus reus
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must have intended to cause harm
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what is the level of proof for an officer to do a stop and frisk
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reasonable suspicion
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what type of courts does our dual court system consist of
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state and federal court
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what federal court has original jurisdiction over disputes between states
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Supreme Court
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during the Constitutional Convention, Anti Federalists maintained the belief that a strong national government would do what
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weaken civil liberties
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which article of the constitution provides the basis for the federal judiciary
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article 3
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in the federal system, which is generally the court of last resort for virtually all federal litigation (not the supreme court)
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US Court of Appeals
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what is the rule of 4
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only for people of the supreme court have to agree to hear a case
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what is the function of appellate courts
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ensure that the trial court correctly interpreted the law
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what are the requirements for federal district judges
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serve for life, nominated by president, confirmed by senate, reside in district they preside over
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there are _________ U.S District Courts, with each state having at least one
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94
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congress created the court of appeals in what year
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1891
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what is the administrative policymaking organization of the federal justice system, comprised of 26 federal judges
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Judicial Conference of the US
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a typical court system includes how many layers
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4
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what are the common names of a trial court of general jurisdiction
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district, superior, circuit court
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litigants in state courts are most often who or what
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small businesses and individuals
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the highest court in a state is called the court of last __________
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resort
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what are characteristics of states without intermediete appellate courts
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discretionary docket
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lower courts handle what stages of a felony case
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preliminary stages
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what are characteristics of court unification
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simplified court structure, centralized administration, centralized rule making, centralized judicial budgeting, and statewide financing
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intermediate appellate courts are responsible for what
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review trials to make sure the law was followed
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what courts were created as a response to the significant growth in appellate cases that threatened to overwelm the state supreme court
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intermediate court of appeals
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early colonial courts were _________
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simple
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in the colonial courts, each colony modified its court system according to what
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customs, religion, and commerce
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