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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the course of blood in pulmonary and systemic circulation |
Deoxygenated blood travels from right atrium to right ventricle, through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs, where it becomes oxygenated. Oxygenated blood travels through pulmonary veins into the left atrium then the left ventricle, from which it is pumped into the body before it returns to the right atrium. |
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Name the three branches of the aorta |
Left subclavian artery, Brachiocephalic trunk, Left Common Carotid Artery |
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Name the branches of the brachiocephalic trunk |
Right common carotid artery, right subclavian artery |
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What does the external carotid artery supply? |
Neck, face |
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What does the internal carotid artery supply |
Brain |
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What are the branches of the thoracic aorta? |
Esophageal branches, bronchial branches, posterior intercostal branches |
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At which vertebra does the thoracic aorta pass through the diaphragm to become the abdominal aorta? |
T12 |
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What are the branches of the abdominal aorta? |
Paired: L/R renal artery, L/R suprarenal, L/R gonadal artery, L/R lumbar Unpaired: Celiac trunk, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, common iliac, |
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At what level does the inferior vena cava pass through the diaphragm to enter the right atrium? |
T8 |
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At which level do the common iliac veins join to form the inferior vena cava? |
L5 |
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At the level of what surface landmark do the subclavian and internal jugular veins form the brachiocephalic vein? |
Sternoclavicular joint (T1) |
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What structures do the internal iliac arteries supply? |
pelvic viscera, abdominal walls, gluteal region |
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What structures do the external iliac arteries supply? |
Becomes the femoral arteries and supplies the lower limbs |
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Describe the route that blood takes through the GI sytem |
Oxygenated blood from the heart leaves the left ventricle and is pumped through the body. Blood that leaves the GI tract is first pumped through the hepatic portal system before leaving through the hepatic vein, joining with the inferior vena cava, and entering the right atrium of the heart. |
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Describe the mechanics of inspiration and respiration. |
During inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and lowers. This increases the volume of the thoracic cavity and pleural cavities, which decreases air pressure in the lung and forcing air (oxygen) into the alveoli. The opposite occurs during expiration, forcing air out of the alveoli. |
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At what level of the vertebra is the sternal angle and what key structures is it a surface landmark for? |
T4, marks branching of bronchi and arch of aorta |
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At what level does the esophagus go through the diaphragm? |
T10 |
