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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Calvinism |
Father - John Calvin
believed in predestination good works could not save
No one could be certain of their status for afterlife |
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Martin Luther |
Started the "Protestant Reformation"
nailed protests against Catholic doctrines on Cathedral in 1517
Declared bible alone was the source of God's word
Began Lutheranism
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Puritans |
Wanted to purify the church of England of any liturgy, ceremony, or practices not found in scripture
believed bible applied to every area and level of life
persecuted by King George
many fled to "New England"
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Separatists |
Wanted to completely separate from the church of England and create their own churches
King James I threatened to harass bothersome separatists out of land if they keep defying his leadership |
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Mayflower Compact |
Drawn up before leaving on voyage by the pilgrims
Simple agreement to form a crude government and to submit to the will of the majority
Signed by 41 males
promising step toward self government |
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Massachusetts Bay Colony |
1629, non-separatist puritans got charter from England to form Massachusetts Bay Colony
left for "New England" in 1630 with 11 ships and a thousand immigrants
Puritan based society
1st governor was John Winthrop |
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The Great Migration |
The period between 1620 and 1640 when seventy thousand refugees left England
twenty thousand came to Massachusetts
Most went to the West Indies |
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Anne Hutchinson |
smart, strong-willed, talkative mother of 14 children
argued against Puritans with logical extremes
believed and argued for antinomianism
brought to trial for heresy twice, banished finally |
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Roger Williams |
Extreme Separatist
challenged Massachusetts colony charter, condemned it for taking the land from Indians without fair compensation
denied the authority of civil government to regulate religious behavior(strong puritan belief)
was going to be exiled to England, but fled to Rhode Island in 1636
Built first Baptist church, |
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Rhode Island |
called "the sewer" where "Lord's debris" had collected and rotted
started by Roger Williams, was place of complete religious freedom
mainly consisted of exiles and outcasts, including Anne Hutchinson
received charter in 1644 |
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Pequot War |
4 year war between the Pequot Indian tribe and the Puritans
Pequot tribe lost the war, 700 of them killed or taken into captivity
led to four decades of uneasy peace between Indians and Puritans |
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King Phillip's War |
war between New England colonists and King Phillip and his alliance of Indian tribes
Indians mounted series of assaults on many English villages
52 puritan towns were attacked and 12 were destroyed entirely
Indians were defeated, king Phillip was beheaded
slowed the westward march of English settlers in New England for several decades |
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New England Confederation |
alliance between Massachusetts, Plymouth, Connecticut, and New Haven
exclusive puritan club
1st notable milestone toward colonial unity |
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Charles II |
restored to throne asKing of England
took aggressive hand in managing the colonies
Made new charter for Rhode Island giving kingly sanction over the most religiously tolerant government in the new world
revoked Massachusetts charter |
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English Civil war |
during years 1642-1651
between english parliamentarians and Royalists
Charles I executed and Charles II exiled |
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Dominion of New England |
imposed from London
union of New England Colonies
stripped colonists of traditional rights, angered many |
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Navigation Laws |
England makes laws that throttle American trade with countries not ruled by the English crown
Americans disliked this very much, smuggling became common |
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Sir Edmund Andros |
Head of Dominion of New England
laid heavy restrictions on colonists
taxed the people without their representatives consent
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Glorious Revolution |
years 1688-1689
the overthrow of King James II in England by a union of English Parliamentarians
led to the collapse of the Dominion of New England |
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Period of "Salutary Neglect" |
1689-1691
Navigation laws were relaxed and only weakly enforced |
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Henry Hudson |
English explorer employed by the Dutch East India trading company
searched for a shortcut through the continent |
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Dutch East India company |
state within the Dutch republic
powerful, had an army of 10,000 men and a fleet of 190 ships |
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Dutch West India Company |
less powerful than the east company
known more for raiding then trading
established outposts in Africa and a sugar industry in Brazil |
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Patroonships |
controlled by Dutch
vast feudal estates fronting the Hudson River
they were granted to promoters who agreed to settle 50 people on them |
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New Sweden |
planted on the Delaware River in Dutch controlled land(1638-1655)
Dutch dispatched small military expedition in 1655
Dutch took over New Sweden and absorbed the colonists
Swedish rule in the New world came to an abrupt end
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Quakers |
known as the religious society of Friends
offensive to the authorities, both religious and civil
people of deep conviction
persecuted in England |
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William Penn |
attracted to the Quaker faith in 1660 at 16 years old
1681 - acquired land grant in New World from English crown
Area called Pennsylvania, very open to immigrants and attracted many |
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blue laws |
Pennsylvania laws
prohibited "ungodly revelers", stage plays, playing cards, dice, games, and excessive hilarity |
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The middle colonies |
consisted of New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania
more ethnically mixed people
religious toleration and democratic control
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Bread Colonies |
Pennsylvania, New York, and New Jersey
all had heavy exports of grain |
