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24 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are elements in the periodic table grouped in?
Increasing atomic number
What happens to the number of shells in an atom as you go down a group?
The shell numbers increase
What do elements in the same period have?
Same number of shells
What increases as you go along a period?
The number of electrons and protons increase
What happens to reactivity as you go down groups 1 and 2?
It increases
What happens to reactivity as you go down group 7?
It decreases
Where are non-metals on the periodic table?
Far right
How reactive are Group 0 (the halogens)?
Not reactive, they have full outer shells.
What do metals form when burnt in air?
Basic oxides
What do non-metals form when burnt in air?
Acidic oxides
Name 5 characteristics of the alkali metals?
Low density
Soft with low melting points
React with non-metals to achieve a +1 charge
React with water and release hydrogen
Form hydroxides which dissolve in water making alkaline solutions
What compounds do group 1 elements form?
White solids which dissolve in water to form colourless solutions
What 2 things happen to elements as you go down group 1?
They get more reactive
The melting/boiling point decreases
What 3 reactions does Lithium have with water?
Floats, fizzes, moves steadily around surface
What 5 reactions does Sodium have with water?
Floats, fizzes, moves quickly
Melts into ball, burns with yellow flame
What 4 reactions does Potassium have with water?
Floats, fizzes, moves quickly
Burns with lilac flame
What are the 3 characteristics of Group 7 metals?
Low melting/boiling points
Brittle, crumbly when solid
Poor conductors of heat/electricity when solid or liquid
What do more reactive halogens displace? Give an example.
Less reactive halogens from an aqueous solution of its salt.
e.g. Chlorine + potassium → potassium + bromine
bromide chloride
Cl₂ + 2KBr → 2KCl + Br₂
What is OILRIG?
Oxidation is loss (of electrons)
Reduction is gain (of electrons)
What is redox?
Both reduction and oxidation occurring at once
What happens when halogens react with metals?
They form ionic salts (metal halides)
What ending do halide salts have? Give an example.
-ide
e.g. Chlorine and iron forms Iron Chloride
What do halogens form when they react with non-metals?
Covalent compounds
What 2 characteristics do halide salts have?
Readily dissolve in water
Form acidic solutions