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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Nitroglycerin and what is used as?
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reaction of glycerin and nitric acid
used as explosive (dynamite) used medically in angina pectoris and other cardiac diseases causing vasodilation |
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What happens in a breath-alcohol screening test?
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potassium dichromate oxidation of ethanol to acetic acid
based on difference in color between dichromate and chromium ion reddish orange dichromate is reduced to green chromium ion, concentration of ethanol in blood is determined by how far the green color extends |
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What are the formulas of ethers and some common ones for cyclic ethers?
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R - O - R
ethylene oxide - used as a fumigant in foodstuffs and textiles and as fumigant in hospitals to sterilize surgical instruments tetrahydrofuran - useful laboratory and industrial solvent |
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What are uses of ethers and Anesthesia?
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diethyl ether was used as general anesthesia before surgery but caused respiratory tract irritation and nausea
now halogenated ethers, enflurane and isoflurane, are used as inhalation anesthetics |
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What are thiols and properties?
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compound containing -SH group
most outstanding property is their stench, responsible for smells from rotten eggs and sewage common names ad "mercaptan" |
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What are some uses of alcohols?
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alcohols derived from nonrenewable sources - petroleum, natural gas, or coal
many are starting materials for synthesis of valuable commercial products acetic acid - production of soft drinks, film, wood glue, fabrics descaling agent in homes used as acidity regulator in food formaldehyde - preparation of molding materials and adhesives ethanol - used in E85 in gasoline alcoholic beverages and laboratories diethyl ether - laboratory solvent ethylene glycol - antifreeze, plastic and plastic surgery, inks isopropyl alcohol - hand lotions epichlorohydrin - glues and resins glycerin - formation of nitroglycerin, as emolient in skin care products, liquid soaps, and printing inks |
