Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Chemical bond |
Force which holds acts between two or more atom together as a stable molecule |
|
|
Types of elments |
cations
Metallic- lose 1,2,3 in valence shell and become cationsNon-metallic-have 4,5,6,7 in valence shell and gain 3,2,1 to become anions Non-metallic-have 4,5,6,7 in valence shell and gain 3,2,1 to become anions
|
|
|
Chemical combination |
Transfer of valence electrons from metallic atom to non-metallic atom
Sharing of valence electrons between 2 atoms( both non- metallic) |
|
|
Noble gases |
Stable electronic configuration Do not lose,share gain electrons are inert,unreactive Valence electron shell is complete |
|
|
Reason for chemical bonding to form molecule |
Tendency of each atom to attain stable electronic configuration of the nearest noble gas |
|
|
For an atom to achieve stable electronic configuration |
It must have Duplet rule Or Octet rule |
|
|
Properties for formation of ionic compounds |
Lower Ionisation potential- greaterease of formation of cation
Higher Electron affinity- greater ease of formation of anion
Larger Electronegativity difference between combining atoms- easier electron transfer |
|
|
Properties of formation of covalent compound |
IP,EA,EN- should be higher - between both atoms
EN diff should be negligible between 2 combining atoms |
|
|
Formation of electrovalent bonds |
Electrostatic force of attraction between two oppositely charged ions Complete transfer of one or more electrons
|
|
|
Formation of covalent compounds |
Sharing of electron pairs to acquire stable electronic configuration Electrons in valence shell are mutually shared by atom of each element |
|
|
Covalent bond |
Chemical bond formed due to mutual sharing of electrons between given pairs of non metallic elements |
|
|
Non polar covalent compound |
When shared pair of electron are equally distributed between two atoms
No charge separation takes place Electrically neutral and symmetrical
|
|
|
Polar covalent compound |
When shared pair of electrons are unequally distributed between two atoms
Charge separation takes places Atoms which attracts electrons more strongly develops a slight negative charge |
|
|
Co ordinate/ dative bond |
Type of covalency which involves one of the combining atoms contributing both of the shared electrons
A bond formed by a shared pair of electrons with both electrons coming from the same atom |
|
|
Examples |
Ionic- NaCl,CaO,KBr Covalent- HCl,CH_4,NH_3 Ionic & covalent- CaCO_3, NaOH Covalent & coordinate bond- CO,HNO_3 Ionic,covalent, coordinate bond- NH_4Cl, K_4[Fe(CN)_6] |
|
|
Lone pair of electrons |
Pair of electrons not shared with any other atom |
