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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 types of inorganic compounds
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ionic, molecular, acid
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naming ionic compounds--cations
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cations formed from metal atoms have the same name as the metal
ex. Na+ Sodium ion, Al3+ aluminum ion |
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naming ionic compounds--transitional metals
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the positive charge is indicated in parantheses, always write the RI if you are not sure because its never wrong to do so
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metals that can form more than one cation
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transition metals
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transition metals pt
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group 2b-3b
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naming ionic compounds--cations that form from nonmetals
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end in -ium
ex. NH4+ ammonium ion, H3O+ hydronium ion |
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naming ionic compounds--monatomic anions
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replcing the end with -ide
ex. H- = hydride O2- = oxide |
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naming ionic compounds--polyatomic ions
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end in -ate or -ite
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naming ionic compounds
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cation name followed by anion name
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H-containing compounds that yield H+ ions when dissolved in water
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acids
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naming acids--anions that end in -ide
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anions that end in -ide:
change -ide to -ic add prefix hydro add acid ex. Cl- (chloride) = HCl (hydrochloric acid) |
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naming acids--anions that end in -ate or -ite
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change -ate to -ic or -ite to -ous
keep prefix add acid ClO4- (perchlorate) = HClO4 (perchloric acid) |
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naming molecular compounds
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name element farther to left first, if same group-the one with the higher atomic number goes first
give 2nd element -ide ending, use greek prefixes used to indicate the number of atoms of each element |
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area of study that examines the quantities of substances consumed and produced by chem rxns
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stoichiometry
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you should never change __when balancing an equation
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subscripts
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coefficients in front of a formula change the
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quantity not identity
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delta sign indicates
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heat
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3 main types of reactions
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combination, decomposition, combustion
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combination reactions
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2 or more substances react to form one product
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what is the product of a metal and nonmetal in a combination rxn
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ionic solid
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decomposition reactions
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one substance undergoes a reaction to produce 2 or more substances
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combustion reactions
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rapid rxns that produce a flame, usually invovles O2 from air as reactant, usually inolves O2 from air as reactant
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intermediate oxidation rxns
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combustion rxns that happen in steps but ultimately leads to a flame
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when hydrocarbons are combusted they produce
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CO2 and H2O
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sum of atomic weights of each atom in a chemical formula
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formula weight
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breakdown in terms of ions
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formula units
ex. NaCl = Na+ and Cl- |
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percentage of mass contributed by each atom
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percent composition
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common sized sample to deal with number of atoms, ions, or molecules
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mole
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avogrado's number
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6.022 x 10^23 mol-1 (per mole)
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these compounds are all solid at room temperature
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ionic
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