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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Metabolic Pathways |
Elaborate road map of thousands of chemical reactions. |
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Metabolism |
All of an organisms chemical reactions. |
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Catabolic Pathways |
Breakdown Pathways, Release energy, Ex. Cellular Resperation |
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Anabolic Pathways |
Building Pathways, Consume energy, Ex Synthesis of proteins |
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Bioenergetics |
The study of how energy flows through living organisms |
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Energy |
The capacity to cause change |
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Kinetic Energy |
Is energy associated with the relative motion of objects |
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Heat/Thermal Energy |
Its kinetic energy associated with the random movement of atoms or molecules |
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Potential Energy |
Its energy that is not kinetic energy. Its energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure. |
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Chemical Energy |
Its potential Energy available for release in chemical reactions. |
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The First Law of Thermodynamics |
Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it can not be created or destroyed. |
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Entropy |
A measure of disorder or randomness |
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The Second Law of Thermodynamics |
Every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy |
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Spotaneous process
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Is a process that happens without the input of energy
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Free energy |
A portion of a system's energy that can preform work when temperature and pressure are uniform throughout the system |
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Exergonic Reaction |
Reactions that has a net release of free energy |
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Endergonic Reaction |
Reaction that absorbs free energy from its surroundings |
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Energy Coupling |
The use of an exergonic process to drive an endergonic one. |
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ATP (adenosine triphosphate) |
Energy. |
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Phosphorylated Intermediate |
The recipient with the phosphate group covalently bonded to it. |
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Enzyme |
A macromolecule that acts as a catalyst |
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Catalyst |
A chemical agent that speeds up chemical reactions |
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Activation Energy |
It is the initial investment of energy to being a process |
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Substrate |
The reactant that an enzyme acts on |
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Enzyme substrate complex |
This is formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate and this is the middle guy in the operation from enzyme to product of enzyme |
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Active site |
It is the only region of the enzyme that binds to the substrate |
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Induced Fit |
IT brings chemical groups into position to enhance the ability to catalyze the chemical reaction |
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Cofactors |
Non-Protein helpers for catalytic activity |
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Coenzyme |
A Cofactor made of organic materials |
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Competitive Inhibitors |
Its an inhitbitor that just takes the place of the substrate |
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Non-Competitive Inhibitors |
This binds to the inhibitor away from the active site altering the shape of the active site so the substrate can not connect |
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Allosteric Regulation |
Any cause in which a protiens function at one site is affected by the binding of a regulatory molecule to a separate site |
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Cooperativity |
This amplifies the response of enzymes to substrates |
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Feedback Inhibition |
a metabolic pathway is switched off by the inhibtory binding of its end product to an enzyme that acts early int eh pathway |
