Chapter 9 Vocabulary

Front 1

Molecule formed from the breaking off of a phosphate group for ATP

Back 1

ADP

Front 2

energy-storing molecule in cells composed of an adenosine molecule, a ribose sugar and three phosphate groups

Back 2

ATP

Front 3

series of reactions during the light-independent phase of photosynthesis in which simple sugars are formed from carbon dioxide using ATP and hydrogen from the eight-dependent reactions

Back 3

Calvin Cycle

Front 4

Light-absorbing pigment in plants and some protists that is required for photosynthesis

Back 4

Chlorophyll

Front 5

series of proteins embeded in a membrane along which energized electrons are transported

Back 5

Electron Transport Chain

Front 6

phase of photosynthesis where light energy is converted to chemical energy in the form of ATP

Back 6

LIght-Dependent Reactions

Front 7

Phase of Photosynthesis where energy from eight-dependent reactions is used to produce glucose and additonal ATP molecules

Back 7

Light-Independent Reactions

Front 8

electron carrier molecule

Back 8

NADP+

Front 9

Reaction taking place in the thylakoid membranes of a chloroplast during light-dependent reactions where two molecules of water are split is form oxygen, hydrogen ions, and electrons

Back 9

Photolysis

Front 10

Process by which autotrophs, such as algal and plants, trap energy from sunlight with chlorophyll and use this energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into simple sugars

Back 10

Photosynthesis

Front 11

Molecules that absorb specific wavelengths of sunlight

Back 11

Pigments

Front 12

Chemical reactions that require the presence of oxygen

Back 12

Aerobic

Front 13

Anaerobic process in which cells convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and ethyl alchol

Back 13

Alcholic Fermentation

Front 14

Chemical reactions that do not require the presence of oxygen

Back 14

Anaerobic

Front 15

Chemical process where mitochondria break down food molecules to produce ATP

Back 15

Cellular Respiration

Front 16

In Cellular Respiration, series of anaerobic chemical reactions in the cytoplasm that breaks down glucose into pyrovic acid

Back 16

Glycolysis

Front 17

In cellular respiration, series of chemical reactions that break down glucose and produce ATP

Back 17

Citric Acid Cycle

Front 18

Series of anaerobic chemical reactions in which pyruvic acid uses NADH to form lactic acid and NAD+, which is then used in glycolysis

Back 18

Lactic Acid Fermentation