Chapter 9 The Thirteen Colonies Rebel

Front 1

What was the PROCLAMATION OF 1763?

Back 1

Passed by British Parliament to put and END to WARS with INDIANS. NO SETTLING West of Appalachia - land belonged to INDIANS.

Front 2

Why did the Proclamation of 1763 anger colonists?

Back 2

LAND = STATUS
Old land wore out from farming

Front 3

What was the QUARTERING ACT passed by British in 1765?

Back 3

Colonists had to HOUSE BRITISH SOLDIERS (under General Gage)in NY.

Front 4

Why did England decide to tax the colonies?

Back 4

England was BROKE from the WAR with FRANCE. NEEDED MONEY so taxed imports to America (sugar, coffee, wine, etc.) under the SUGAR ACT OF 1764.

Front 5

What was the STAMP ACT of 1765?

Back 5

Colonists had to BUY STAMPED PAPER for EVERYTHING (newspapers, bills, playing cards)

Front 6

Why did the Stamp Act ENRAGE COLONISTS?

Back 6

NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!!!!!!! The colonists had no representatives in Parliament so felt England had no right to tax them.

Front 7

What was the STAMP ACT CONGRESS?

Back 7

Colonists sent delegates to draw up a PETITION PROTESTING THE STAMP ACT: only COLONIAL ASSEMBLIES (NOT Parliament) could TAX COLONISTS.

Front 8

What were the SONS OF LIBERTY?

Back 8

One of the other ways colonists protested Stamp Act - a SECRET SOCIETY staged PROTESTS. (Daughters of Liberty, too)

Front 9

What was the DECLARATORY ACT?

Back 9

Parliament passed in 1766 (when it REPEALED the STAMP ACT). It claimed Britain had the RIGHT TO RULE & TAX COLONISTS in ALL cases.

Front 10

What were the TOWNSHEND ACTS?

Back 10

Passed in 1767 (by British Finance Minister Townshend) to "TAX COLONIES W/O OFFENSE". SUSPENDED NY ASSEMBLY until colonies agreed to resume HOUSING SOLDIERS. Colonists had to pay DUTIES on IMPORTS from England. MONEY PAID SOLDIERS.

Front 11

What were WRITS OF ASSISTANCE?

Back 11

British DOCUMENTS to ENFORCE TOWNSHEND ACTS & STOP SMUGGLING. Allowed British to SEARCH ANY BUILDING for any reason.

Front 12

Why did COLONIAL PROTESTS break out as soon as the Townshend Acts were passed?

Back 12

1. NY pissed that their ASSEMBLY SUSPENDED.
2. Colonists knew DUTIES = TAXES (just another word).
3. Colonists still believed in "THE RIGHTS OF ENGLISHMEN."

Front 13

Who was JAMES OTIS?

Back 13

A colonist who challenged the court's decision that the Townshend Acts were legal because CATCHING SMUGGLERS was MORE IMPORTANT than PROTECTING THE INDIVIDUAL. He said writs were AGAINST COMMON LAW & NATURAL LAW (all beings equal and independent, etc.)

Front 14

What was the GASPEE INCIDENT?

Back 14

June 9, 1172 British Ship Gaspee RAN AGROUND in RI. Colonists put the CREW ASHORE and BURNED THE SHIP. Nobody would identified who did it.

Front 15

What were some of the TOOLS OF PROTEST used by the colonists whose basic notions of liberty had been offended?

Back 15

CUTTING TRADE w/ ENGLAND: BOYCOTTS of British goods - shop keepers didn't sell imported goods - and
SPINNING BEES - Daughters of Liberty made own cloth and drank herbal teas to promote American made goods.

Front 16

What was the BOSTON MASSACRE?

Back 16

1, British sent 1000 TROOPS to put down RIOT caused when British seized JOHN HANCOCK'S SHIP, LIBERTY (it was carrying smugglied wine from Portugal).
2. Redcoats TOOK JOBS from colonists causing tensions.
3. Youths and dockworkers THREW SNOWBALLS in front of the Customs House, bringing the SOLDIERS.
4. Soldiers FIRED ON THE CROWD, KILLING FIVE, including CRISPUS ATTUCKS.

Front 17

Who defended the five soldiers in court and why?

Back 17

JOHN ADAMS & JOSIAH QUINCY JR because the Law should be "deaf to the clamors of hte populace." The soldiers were acquitted.

Front 18

What was the TEA ACT of 1773?

Back 18

After the Boston Massacre, Parliament REPEALED the TOWNSHEND ACTS and left just the tax on tea to show it STILL COULD TAX the colonies. Gave control of tea trade to BRITISH EAST INDIA CO. HURT Colonial SHIPPERS & MERCHANTS.

Front 19

What was the COMMITTEE OF CORRESPONDENCE?

Back 19

SAM ADAMS organized it to keep up COMMUNICATION BETWEEN LEADERS of towns on matters of LIBERTY.

Front 20

What was the BOSTON TEA PARTY?

Back 20

Through the Committees of Correspondence, colonists ORGANIZED AGAINST TEA ACT. In Boston, DUMPED 342 chests of TEA into BOSTON HARBOR.

Front 21

What were the INTOLERABLE ACTS?

Back 21

Passed by Parliament to PUNISH colonist for the TEA PARTY:
1. BOSTON'S PORT CLOSED til tea paid for;
2. MA GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED - could only meet w/ Governor's permission/no Committees of Correspondence;
3. BRITISH TROOPS COULD STAY ANYWHERE;
4. British Colonel GAGE appointed GOVERNOR of MA.

Front 22

What was the CONTINENTAL CONGRESS?

Back 22

Delegates from the COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE met in PHILADELPHIA to discuss the Intolerable Acts. BAN ON TRADE w/Britain until Acts repealed. Illegal meeting showed colonists' DESIRE FOR INDEPENDENCE.

Front 23

What was JOHN HANCOCK'S RESPONSE when Britain refused to back down and repeal the Acts?

Back 23

His COMMITTEE OF SAFETY called on the MINUTEMEN to get ready for war. PATRICK HENRY did the same in VIRGINIA.

Front 24

What was PAUL REVERE warning the Patriots about during his famous ride?

Back 24

The BRITISH were coming to DESTROY THE MINUTEMEN'S SUPPLY OF WEAPONS in Concord.

Front 25

Where did the MINUTEMEN fight the BRITISH on April 19, 1775?

Back 25

In LEXINGTON and CONCORD. The British got past them at Lexington but they forced the Brits to retreat at OLD NORTH BRIDGE in Concord.

Front 26

Why is APRIL 19, 1775 ("Patriots' Day - not the Boston Marathon!) considered the BEGINNING OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR?

Back 26

The colonists were FORCED TO CHOOSE SIDES - TORY OR PATRIOT.

Front 27

What happened at FORT TICONDEROGA in New York?

Back 27

BENEDICT ARNOLD'S GREEN MOUNTAIN BOYS raided the fort for CANONS & GUNS.

Front 28

What did the colonists decide at the 2ND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS in May, 1775?

Back 28

To set up a CONTINENTAL ARMY under GENERAL GEORGE WASHINGTON.

Front 29

What was the BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL?

Back 29

PATRIOTS HELD THE HILL;
22,000 REDCOATS tried to re-take the hill;
Patriots TURNED THEM BACK TWICE before losing;
BIG VICTORY for PATRIOTS anyway - killed 1000 Brits vs. 400 Patriots.

Front 30

What was the OLIVE BRANCH PETITION?

Back 30

CONTINENTAL CONGRESS sent it to King George, BLAMING PARLIAMENT for the problems and asking the KING TO TAKE THEIR SIDE. (George refused and send 10,000 German soldiers instead!)

Front 31

What happened on MARCH, 1776 that we celebrate as "Evacuation Day" (actually most Bostonians celebrate St. Patrick's Day then anyway...)

Back 31

PATRIOTS up on DORCHESTER HEIGHTS above the Boston Harbor, BOMBARDED BRITISH SHIPS and forced the BRITISH OUT OF BOSTON.

Front 32

What effect did THOMAS PAINE'S pamphlet COMMON SENSE have on the colonists?

Back 32

It forcfully argued for INDEPENDENCE in a way that convinced even THOSE WHO WERE AFRAID to separate.

Front 33

What RESOLUTIONS did Virginian RICHRD HENRY LEE present at the 2nd Continental Congress?

Back 33

1. 13 colonies BECOME STATES;
2. Colonies should JOIN TOGETHER in a CONFEDERATION.

Front 34

Who was responsible for the DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE?

Back 34

CONTINENTAL CONGRESS voted to write it and THOMAS JEFFERSON did the writing, finishing it in two weeks on JULY 4TH, 1776.

Front 35

What is the CORE IDEA of the Declaration of Independence?

Back 35

People (except slaves) have certain RIGHTS that the GOVERNMENT CANNOT TAKE AWAY under ANY circumstances (like the right to PRIVACY, which is the right we defend when we defend abortion rights).

Front 36

Why didn't Thomas Jefferson include slaves as people with rights when he drafted the Declaration of Independence?

Back 36

He wanted to but slave owners wouldn't vote for the declaration and they thought was more important to get it passed.