Chapter 9: Digestive System

Front 1

Alimentation

Back 1

Process of providing nutrition for the body

Front 2

-ation

Back 2

Action or process

Front 3

Bil/i

Chol/e

Back 3

Bile

Front 4

Cirrh/o

Back 4

Orange-yellow

Front 5

De-

Back 5

Down, from, reversing, removing

Front 6

Glycos/o

Back 6

Sugar

Front 7

-orexia

Back 7

Appetite

Front 8

-pepsia

Back 8

Digestion

Front 9

Vag/o

Back 9

Vagus nerve

Front 10

Viscer/o

Back 10

Viscera

Front 11

Cheil/o

Back 11

Lips

Front 12

Dent/i

Dent/o

Odont/o

Back 12

Teeth

Front 13

Gingiv/o

Back 13

Gums

Front 14

Gloss/o

Lingu/o

Back 14

Tongue

Front 15

Or/o

Stomat/o

Back 15

Mouth

Front 16

Esophag/o

Back 16

Esophagus

Front 17

Gastr/o

Back 17

Stomach

Front 18

Intestin/o

Enter/o

Back 18

Intestines

(Enter/o sometimes refers only to the small intestine)

Front 19

Duoden/o

Back 19

Duodenum (division of the small intestine)

Front 20

Jejun/o

Back 20

Jejunum (division of the small intestine)

Front 21

Ile/o

Back 21

Ileum (division of the small intestine)

Front 22

Col/o

Colon/o

Back 22

Colon or large intestine

Front 23

Cec/o

Back 23

Cecum (part of large intestine)

Front 24

Sigmoid/o

Back 24

Sigmoid colon

Front 25

Proct/o

Back 25

Anus or rectum

Front 26

Rect/o

Back 26

Rectum

Front 27

An/o

Back 27

Anus

Front 28

Cholecyst/o

Back 28

Gallbladder

Front 29

Choledoch/o

Back 29

Common bile duct

Front 30

Pancreat/o

Back 30

Pancreas

Front 31

Sial/o

Back 31

Salivary gland

Front 32

cholecystitis

Back 32

inflammation of the gallblader

Front 33

cholelithiasis

Back 33

presence of stones/calculus in the gallblader

Front 34

choledocholithiasis

Back 34

when stones become lodged in the common bile duct

Front 35

pancreatolithiasis

Back 35

presence of stones in the pancreas

Front 36

ERCP

Endoscopic Retrograde CholangioPancreatography

Back 36

endoscopic test that provides radiographic visualization of the bile and pancreatic ducts

Front 37

sialography

Back 37

study of the salivary glands (checked for calculus as well) by injecting a radiopaque substance into the ducts

Front 38

diabetes mellitus

Back 38

primarily a result of resistance to insulin or lack of insulin secretion by the insulin-secreting cells of the pancreas;

without insulin glucose builds up in the blood and results in HYPERGLYCEMIA;

hyperglycemia ultimately results in the symptoms of diabetes mellitus: POLYPHAGIA; POLYURIA; POLYDIPSIA; and sometimes GLYCOSURIA (presence of glucose in the blood)

Front 39

Mal absorption syndrome

Back 39

Complex of symptoms that include anorexia, weight loss, flatulence, muscle cramps and bone pain

Front 40

Canker sores

Back 40

Ulcers, chiefly of the mouth and lips

Front 41

Cheilitis

Back 41

Inflammation of the lips

Front 42

Stomatitis

Back 42

Inflammation of the mouth

Front 43

Dysphagia

Back 43

Painful/difficult swallowing;

Often associated with paralysis, constriction, and spasm of the esophageal muscles

Front 44

Esophageal varices

Back 44

A complex of enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus that are susceptible to hemorrhage

Front 45

GERD

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Back 45

Condition resulting from a backflow of the stomach contents into the esophagus; acidic gastric juices cause burning pain to the esophagus; repeated episodes can result in esophagitis or an esophageal ulcer

Front 46

Hiatus

Hiatal hernia

Back 46

Type of gastrocele (hernia); protrusion of a structure (often part of the stomach) through the opening of the diaphragm that allows passage of the esophagus

Front 47

Colitis

Back 47

Inflammation of the colon

Front 48

Diverticulosis

Back 48

Presence of diverticula without inflammation

Front 49

Enterostasis

Back 49

Stoppage or delay in the passage of food through the intestine

Front 50

IBS

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Back 50

Abnormally increased motility of the small and large intestines of unknown origin.

Front 51

Cholestasis

Back 51

Stoppage of bile excretion

Front 52

Anorexiant

Back 52

Appetite suppressant drug

Front 53

Gastroplasty

Gastro bypass

Back 53

Surgeries to reduce the stomach's capacity

Front 54

Antiemetics

Back 54

To relieve or prevent vomiting

Front 55

Emetics

Back 55

Drugs to force vomiting in case of intoxication or poisoning

Front 56

Purgatives

Cathartics

Back 56

Strong meds used to promote full evacuation of the bowel, as in preparation for diagnostic studies or surgery of the digestive tract

Front 57

Dysentery

Back 57

inflammation of the intestine, especially colon;

caused by bacteria or protozoa;

characterized by frequent and bloody feces

Front 58

Diverticulitis

Back 58

inflammation of a diverticulum in the intestinal tract, especially colon, causing stagnation of feces and pain;

DIVERTICULUM = small sac or pouch in the wall of an organ; DIVERTICULOSIS = presence of a diverticulum

Front 59

cholecystectomy

Back 59

surgical removal of the gallbladder

Front 60

cholangiography

Back 60

exploration of the common bile duct (x-ray)

Front 61

colostomy

Back 61

creation of an artificial anus on the abdominal wall by incising the colon and drawing it out to the surface (performed when the feces cannot pass through the colon and out through the anus)

Front 62

GASTRECTOMY

Back 62

surgical removal of part or all the stomach

Front 63

anastomosis

Back 63

the joining of two organs, vessels, or ducts that are normally separate (when the lower part of the stomach is joined with the duodenum, the procedure is called a gastroduodenostomy, duodenal anastomosis)

Front 64

percutaneous liver biopsy

Back 64

removal of liver tissue by using a needle to puncture the skin overlying the liver

Front 65

pancreatolithectomy

Back 65

excision of a pancreatic stone

Front 66

vagotomy

Back 66

resection (partial excision) of portions of the vagus nerve near the stomach (to decrease the amount of gastric juices)

Front 67

Emaciation

Back 67

Excessive leanness

Front 68

Ulcer

Back 68

a lesion of a mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of dead tissue

Front 69

Gastric Bypass

Back 69

Surgery performed to reduce the stomach's capacity

Front 70

esophagostomy

Back 70

new opening into the esophagus

Front 71

colostomy

Back 71

an opening from the colon through the abdominal wall

Front 72

Hiatal Hernia

Back 72

protrusion of a structure through the opening in the diaphragm that allows passage of the esophagus;

often the protruding structure is part of the stomach

Front 73

dyspepsia

Back 73

poor digestion

Front 74

gastroduodenostomy

Back 74

anastomosis of the stomach and duodenum