Chapter 9

Front 1

Macronutrients

Back 1

Basic building blocks necessary for bodily functions. 3 basic food groups: proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.

Front 2

Protein

Back 2

Chains of amino acid molecules that are used by every cell of the body to make other usable proteins

Front 3

Nonessential amino acids

Back 3

11/20 common amino acids. Can be synthesized by the body and do not have to be in our diet.

Front 4

Complementary food

Back 4

Combinations of two incomplete proteins that together provide all essential amino acids and make a complete protein.

Front 5

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Back 5

The substance that provides energy to cells.

Front 6

Mucopolysaccharides

Back 6

Carbohydrate-lipid complexes that are good water binders

Front 7

Glycosaminoglycans

Back 7

A water-binding substance between the fibers of the dermis.

Front 8

Monosaccharides

Back 8

A one-unit sugar molecule that all cells use for energy. Ex: glucose & fructose

Front 9

Disaccharides

Back 9

Made up of two molecular units ex: lactose and sucrose

Front 10

Polysaccharides

Back 10

Complex compounds consisting of a chain of sugar unit molecules.

Front 11

Hypoglycemia

Back 11

Blood glucose or blood sugar can drop too low without adequate carbohydrates.

Front 12

Fats

Back 12

Aka lipids, used as energy but not as readily available as carbohydrates

Front 13

Linoleic acid

Back 13

Omega-6, an essential fatty acid used to make important hormones and maintain the lipid barrier of the skin.

Front 14

Omega-3 fatty acids

Back 14

Type of good polyunsaturated fat that may decrease the likelihood of cardiovascular diseases by reducing arteriosclerosis.

Front 15

Arteriosclerosis

Back 15

Clogging and hardening of the arteries

Front 16

Cholesterol

Back 16

A waxy substance found in your body that is needed to produce hormones, vitamin D, and bile. Protects nerves, structure of cells, and is vitally important in the body.

Front 17

Calories

Back 17

The measure of heat units

Front 18

Enzyme

Back 18

Biological catalysts made of protein and vitamins.

Front 19

Micronutrients

Back 19

Essential trace vitamins and minerals we need for proper body function including copper, iodine, zinc and selenium.

Front 20

Vitamin A

Back 20

Aka retinol, used in skin care products designed for aging skin.

Front 21

Retinoids acid

Back 21

Aka retin-A

Front 22

Tretinoin

Back 22

Derívales of vitamin A used in many skin prescriptions. Aka rerun-A or Renova

Front 23

Vitamin

Back 23

Sunshine vitamin. Skin synthesizes vitamin D from cholesterol when exposed to sunlight.

Front 24

Osteoporosis

Back 24

A reduction in the quality of bone or atrophy of the skeletal tissue.

Front 25

Vitamin

Back 25

Aka tocopherol. Primarily an antioxidant. Helps stop free radicals so that cell membranes are not damaged.

Front 26

Vitamin K

Back 26

Essential for the synthesis of proteins necessary for blood coagulation.

Front 27

B Vitamins

Back 27

Interact with other water-soluble vitamins and act as coenzymes (catalysts) to facilitate enzymatic reactions.

Front 28

Vitamin C

Back 28

Aka ascorbic acid. An antioxidant that helps protect the body from many forms of oxidation and from problems involving free radicals.

Front 29

Bioflavonoids

Back 29

Referred to as vitamin P, enhance absorption of vitamin C.

Front 30

Minerals

Back 30

Inorganic materials essential in many cell reactions and bodily functions