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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Meiosis is the production of ____ and ____
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sperm and eggs
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Meiosis only occurs in the ____ and ____ cells, a.k.a. ____.
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sperm, egg, gametes
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Meiosis requires ____.
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fertilization
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In meiosis, offspring are ____ from parents
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different
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Sex chromosomes are in a pair but are not ____ in males.
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homologous
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What chromosome has the one or 2 genes that makes a male a male?
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Y
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complete set of chromosomes
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karyotype
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one from each parent
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homologous pairs
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Homologous chromosomes means that 1 comes from ____, the other from ____.
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mom, dad
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Homologous chromosomes (pairs of 2) are the same ____, expressed a little differently in Mom and Dad.
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chromosome
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Humans have ____ different sex chromosomes and ____ homologous pairs, a.k.a ____, for a total of ____.
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2, 22, autosomes, 46
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gametes are ____, meaning there are 1 set
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haploid
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Autosomes have ____ sets of chromosomes, which the term for that is ____.
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2, diploid
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Fertilization fuses ____ and ____ and creates a ____, or fertilized ____, which is (1n/2n).
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sperm, egg, zygote, egg, 2n
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Each chromosome consists of 2 ____.
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sister chromatids
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X and Y chromosomes
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sex chromosomes
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any cell with two homologous sets of chromosomes
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diploid cell
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Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by ____
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half
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a type of cell division that produces haploid gametes in diploid organisms
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meiosis
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Meiosis I and Meiosis II result in ____ daughter cells
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4
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In which stage do chromosomes duplicate, the chromosomes are not visible under the microscope except as a mass of chromatin
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Interphase
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What phase of Meiosis is the most complex and typically occupies over 90% of the time required for meiotic cell division? The chromatin coils up and chromosomes are now visible under a microscope. Also chromatids of homologous chromosomes exchange segments in a process called crossing over
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Prophase I
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During prophase I, chromosomes exchange segments in a process called ____.
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crossing over
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During what stage of meiosis are the chromosomes aligned in the middle?
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Metaphase I
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What phase of meiosis is marked by the migration of chromosomes toward the two poles of the cell (the haploid number)?
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Anaphase I
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During which stage of meiosis do the chromosomes arrive at the poles of their cell and each pole has a haploid chromosome set. Each chromosome still consists of two sister chromatids.
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Telophase I
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cells split
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cytokinesis
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members of a chromosome pair fail to separate
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nondisjunction
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