Chapter 7 The Axial Skeleton

Front 1

Axial Skeleton

Back 1

Consists of the bones that lie around the longitudinal axis of the human body.

Front 2

Parts of the axial skeleton

Back 2

skull bones, auditory ossicles (earbones), hyoid bone, ribs, sternum and bones of the vertebral column

Front 3

Appedicular skeleton

Back 3

Consists of the bones of the upper and lower limbs (extremities), plus the bones forming the girdles that connect the limbs to the axial skeleton

Front 4

amount of axial bones

Back 4

80

Front 5

amount of appendicular bones

Back 5

126

Front 6

Types of bones

Back 6

long
short
flat
irregular
sesamoid

Front 7

long bones

Back 7

greater length than width and are slightly curved for strength

Front 8

Femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, ulna, radius, phalanges

Back 8

types of long bones

Front 9

Short bones

Back 9

cube-shapped and are nearly equal in length and width

Ex. carpal, tarsal

Front 10

flat bones

Back 10

thin and composed of two nearly parallel plates of compact cone tissue enclosing a layer of spongy bone tissue

Front 11

type of flat bones

Back 11

cranial, sternum, ribs, scapulae

Front 12

Irregular bones

Back 12

complex shapes and cannot be grouped into any of the previous catergories

Front 13

type of irregular bone

Back 13

vertebrae, hip bones, some facial cones, calcaneus

Front 14

sesamoid bones

Back 14

protect tendons from excessive wear and tear

Ex. patellae, foot and hand

Front 15

Sutural bones

Back 15

small bones located in sutures(immovable joints) of cranial bones

Front 16

surface markings

Back 16

structural features adapted for specific functions

Front 17

types of surface markings

Back 17

depression and openings
and
processes

Front 18

depression and openings

Back 18

allow the passage of blood vessels and nerves or form joints

Front 19

processes

Back 19

projections or outgrowths that form joints or serve as attachment points for ligaments and tendons

Front 20

fissure

Back 20

(bone surface marking)
narrow slit between adjacent parts of bones through which blood vessels or nerves pass